西方对华舆论的演变与中国的应对策略  

Evolution of Western Public Opinion on China and China's Corresponding Countermeasures

作　　者：曾向红[1,2] 李琳琳[2] Zeng Xianghong;Li Linlin(School of Politics and International Relations,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学中亚研究所 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《教学与研究》2020年第10期81-93,共13页Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“‘颜色革命’的发生、扩散与应对研究”(项目号:19BGJ051)的阶段性成果;兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费(项目号:2019jbkyjd005、2020jbkyjc001、2020jbkyjd003、2020jbkyxs017)的资助。

摘　　要：国际舆论是国家形象的组成部分与影响因素,也是国家获取国际话语权的重要战略资源,更是国家对外展开权力斗争的重要阵地,对国家的发展至关重要。2008年全球金融危机后,随着中国综合国力与国际影响力的持续攀升,西方对华舆论随着中美战略竞争不断加剧而趋于消极,在对华猜疑、警惕与攻击三个历史阶段分别有所侧重。呈现出关注主体从学界先行发展至政界主导、关切领域从经济为主转变为安全为主、污名化的传播策略成为常态、涉华报道情感强度逐步升级的具体特征。对此,中国应深刻认识到争取国际话语权的重要性与必要性。在应对过程中,要坚持底线思维、有针对性分化西方阵营、培育具有广泛影响力的国际媒体、发挥议题设置的主观能动性、着力提升高水平复合型外事人才质量,为营造良好稳定的国际舆论环境不断奋斗。International public opinion is an integral part and an influencing factor of national image,an important strategic resource for a nation to obtain international discourse power,and also a key field to struggle for power.It is crucial to the development of a nation.After the global financial crisis in 2008,as China’s comprehensive national power and international influence have continued to rise,western public opinion on China tends to be negative as Sino-US strategic competition continues to intensify?embodied in three stages:suspicion,vigilance and attack.The evolution of China-related public opinion has the following characteristics:politicians gradually replaced academia as the main body guiding public opinion;the area of concern has changed from economy-oriented to security-orien-ted area;stigmatizing China has become the main strategy;the emotional intensity of China-related reports has gradually escalated.China is facing the challenge of deteriorating environment of international public opinion.In the light of these situations?China should be deeply aware of the importance and necessity of striving for international discourse power,and should take wise strategies and effective actions to realize its development.In order to improve China international public opinion environment,we must adhere to the bottom-line thinking;divide the Western camp in a targeted way;cultivate international media with extensive influence;exert the subjective initiative of agenda setting;and mentor high-level compound foreign affairs talents.

关 键 词：中国外交 西方对华舆论 话语权 国家形象 中美关系 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]