提高斯特林热机效率实验探索分析  

Experiment to Improve the Efficiency of Stirling

作　　者：周广刚[1] 张晓 张其星[2] 王洪鹏[3] 刘坚[1] ZHOU Guanggang;ZHANG Xiao;ZHANG Qixing;WANG Hongpeng;LIU Jian(College of Science,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Science and Technology Museum of China,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)理学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249 [3]中国科技馆,北京100012

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2020年第3期68-71,85,共5页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：中国石油大学教改项目(YD180026,42G16029)。

摘　　要：当前能源日渐减少,节能减排及有效利用能源已成为全球瞩目的问题,探索提高热机效率的途径倍受人们的关注。通过分析斯特林热机已有应用,再对比内燃机三种理想循环,由能量损失到内燃机的实际效率进行分析。通过将斯特林循环的P-V图与内燃机循环图进行比较,再根据热力学定律得到理想斯特循环中热机的效率表达式,结果表明理想斯特林热机效率只与系统温度有关。将能量损失考虑在内,用层次分析法得出影响实际斯特林热机效率的影响因素的权重。最后结合斯特林热机自身的优势,类比卡诺循环,理论上探究了提高斯特林热机效率的途径。As energy gradually decreases,the environmental pollution and global warming have become global attentions.It attracts people’s attention that how to use energy effectively and the way to improve efficiency of heat engine.By analyzing the energy loss and actual efficiency of internal combustion engine,it introduces Stirling heat engine for application firstly,and then comparing the three ideal cycle of the internal combustion engine.By comparing the P-V diagram of the Stirling cycle with the internal combustion engine cycle,and based on the law of thermodynamics,the efficiency’expressions of heat engine are obtained.The result shows that ideal Stirling heat engine efficiency only be related to the system’temperature.The weight of factors that influence efficiency of actual Stirling heat engine can be obtained by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Finally,combined with the advantage of the Stirling engine itself,and it is analogy with the Carnot cycle,this paper explored theoretically the way to improve the efficiency of Stirling heat engine.

关 键 词：内燃机 热力学过程 斯特林循环 层析分析法 

分 类 号：O551[理学—热学与物质分子运动论]