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作 者:刘星[1] Liu Xing
机构地区:[1]中国政法大学法学院
出 处:《中国法学》2020年第5期5-24,共20页China Legal Science
摘 要:针对法律适用中理由如何支持观点,法学界研究通常采用"争论参与者"的视角,即"我认为理由怎样才能成立"。但采用局外观察视角去"客观"地分析理由和观点的关系,可以深化对理由支持观点的活动的认识。行为和事件之间总是存在复杂因果线索,人们会有主观判断偏好,因此理由和观点的关系存在"多面多向可能勾连"的状态。重要的是,在一定意义上理由可以视为观点,"理由支持观点"可以视为"观点支撑观点"。由此,运用理由论证观点时实际上又是对"若干观点"的规划。此外,法律适用是一种行动,必须终结于决断,这意味着理由支持观点的活动是受限制的。看到这些,可使人们面对法律适用时具有更宽容的心态,参与其中更注重基本思想观点的分享,使法律适用说服活动更有效。The academic circle usually adopts the perspective of ‘participants in dispute’ when discussing the relationship between reasons and claims in the application of law. Whereas we could deepen the understanding of this relationship if we introduce an outside observation perspective to ‘objectively’ analyze. There are complex causal clues in behaviors and events, and people have subjective judgment preferences, so it is more appropriate to use the ‘possible relationship’ to understand the relationship between reasons and claims. More importantly, we should discern that ‘reason is a kind of claim’. When we use reasoning argument, we are planning the layout and effect of ‘several claims’. The application of law is an action that must end in determination, which means that it is restricted to provide reasons to justify claims. Seeing this, we can be more tolerant when facing the application of law, and participate more constructively in the sharing of basic opinions, and make persuasion of the application of law more effective.
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