高等学校“非升即走”聘用合同法律性质及其制度法治逻辑  

Legal Nature of the ‘Up or Out’ Employing Contract in Universities and the Rule of Law Logic of Its System

作　　者：徐靖[1] Xu Jing

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院

出　　处：《中国法学》2020年第5期44-63,共20页China Legal Science

基　　金：2016年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“公法争议与公法救济研究”(项目批准号:16JJD820001)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要："非升即走"聘用合同作为高等学校与教师签订的以特定教学科研任务与职称晋升期限为内容的契约,在法律性质上属于新型社会行政劳动合同。此种合同系高等学校以"社会公法人"身份,在自主管理权范围内为实现公益目的、提供高等教育"准公共产品"而订立;教师在合同履行过程中以"劳动者"身份享有并践行《劳动法》《劳动合同法》规定的权利义务。近年来,因"非升即走"聘用合同及其制度的合法性与合理性瑕疵所产生的纠纷不断见诸报端甚至诉诸公堂,亟待国家建立健全与高等学校及其教师法律地位相匹配的特殊人事聘用与劳动合同制度,在"非升即走"校内规则制定、修订中贯穿公众参与和信赖利益保护,将信息公开、平等协商、解聘听证适用于"非升即走"聘用合同的订立、履行与解除,并对相关法律纠纷采取有限司法审查。The ‘up or out’ employing contract is signed by universities and their teachers, which requires the teachers to finish specific teaching or research task and get the promotion of position within a specified period of time. The legal characters of the contract should be defined as new social administrative labor contract. In those contracts, universities, recognized as social public bodies, provide ‘quasi public products’ of higher education in order to realize the public welfare purpose within the scope of independent management power. Teachers enjoy and perform the rights and obligations stipulated in the labor law and the labor contract law as ‘laborers’ in the process of contract performance. In recent years, the contradictions and disputes caused by the defects of the legality and rationality of ‘up or out’ employing contract have been seen in the newspapers and even in the courts of litigation. It is urgent for the state to establish a special personnel employment and labor contract system that matches the legal status of universities and their teachers, and to run through the principles of public participation and the protection of trust interests in the formulation and revision of the school rules of ‘up or out’. The open information, equal consultation and dismissal hearing should be applied to the conclusion, performance or dissolution of those contracts. The limited judicial review mode also would be adopted into some relevant legal disputes.

关 键 词：“非升即走” 高等学校教师聘用 社会行政 自主办学 

分 类 号：D922.52[政治法律—民商法学]