成都市不同年龄幼托儿童手足口病影响因素分析  

Associations of Hand-Foot-Mouth disease incidence among children of different age groups in kindergartens

作　　者：戴映雪 岳勇[1] 岳丽梅[1] 郭雨 速丽媛 韩德琳[1] DAI Yingxue;YUE Yong;YUE Limei;GUO Yu;SU Liyuan;HAN Delin(Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川省成都市疾病预防控制中心,610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 [3]绵阳市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第8期1204-1207,1211,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2018年四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(普及应用项目)(18PJ580)。

摘　　要：目的探讨不同年龄组的幼托儿童手足口病影响因素,为手足口病针对性防控提供科学依据。方法整群抽取成都市40所幼儿园9912名儿童,调查对象为儿童看护人。采用自拟托幼机构儿童健康相关行为调查问卷,调查幼儿及所在家庭的一般情况、洗手、儿童活动以及近1年手足口病发病情况。采用χ^2检验比较各组差异,采用二分类Logistic回归分析不同年龄组的儿童手足口病影响因素。结果2岁组中,男童(OR=1.76,95%CI=1.24~2.50)、看护人学历在高中及以下(OR=1.54,95%CI=1.06~2.24)、家庭年收入≥10万(OR=2.07,95%CI=1.26~3.41)、看护人回家后基本不会立刻洗手(OR=2.10,95%CI=1.05~4.19)以及小区玩耍3~5次/周(OR=1.49,95%CI=1.01~2.20)的儿童更容易患手足口病。3岁组中,小区内玩耍时间越多,手足口发病可能性更小(3~5次/周:OR=0.58,95%CI=0.43~0.81;≥6次/周:OR=0.45,95%CI=0.29~0.70);看护人没有用肥皂或洗手液习惯的儿童更容易患手足口病(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.11~2.49)。4岁组中,相较于外出基本会携带玩具,偶尔携带者发病可能性更低(OR=0.57,95%CI=0.38~0.88)。5~7岁组中未发现手足口病发病影响因素。结论看护人和儿童的行为与活动会影响手足口病发病情况。建议看护人回家后立刻洗手,从儿童低年龄起,与儿童共同养成使用肥皂或洗手液的习惯,并根据年龄特点适当增加儿童户外活动时间,外出时注意避免污染食物,并及时清洁玩具。Objective To explore the associations of Hand-Foot-Mouth disease(HFM)among children of different age groups in kindergartens,and to provide scientific evidence for HFM prevention and control.Methods Cluster sampling was used to select 9912 children from 40 kindergartens.The major caregivers of children were invited to participate into the study and fulfill a self-administered questionnaire that consisted of general background,hand washing and the history of HFM among children in the recent 1 year.Chi-square and binary logistic regression were applied,to analyze the influencing factors of HFM among children of different age groups.Results In the 2 year-old-group,children who were male(OR=1.76,95%CI=1.24-2.50),had the major caregiver with high school educational background or below(OR=1.54,95%CI=1.06-2.24),had family income more than100000 yuan or more per year(OR=1.49,95%CI=1.01-2.20),children whose major caregiver seldom wash hands immediately after coming home(OR=2.10,95%CI=1.05-4.19),and 3-5 times per week(OR=2.07,95%CI=1.26-3.41)were more likely to have HFM.In the 3 year-old-group,the more time children spent in the outdoors,the less likely they got HFM(3-5 times per week:OR=0.58,95%CI=0.43-0.81;≥6 times per week:OR=0.45,95%CI=0.29-0.70).Children whose major caregiver did not use soap were more likely to have HFM(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.11-2.49).In the 4 year-old-group,children who occasionally took toys when going out were less likely to get HFM(vs always,OR=0.57,95%CI=0.38-0.88).No significant factors were found in the 5 year-old-group.Conclusion The behaviors and activities of major caregivers and children could influence the HFM incidence.To prevent HFM,it was advised that the major caregivers should wash hands immediately after coming home,and develop the habit of using soap for handwashing together with children at the earlier age,and encourage children to take more outside-door activities according to the age characteristics.Attention should be paid to avoid contaminating takeout snacks,and to clean the takeo

关 键 词：手足口病 发病率 行为 回归分析 儿童 日托幼儿园 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]