污泥碳基催化材料的合成及在水环境中的应用  

Synthesis of Sludge Carbon-Based Catalytic Materials and Their Application in Water Environment

作　　者：谷麟[1] 章凯 俞海祥 董光霞 乔兴博 闻海峰[1] Lin Gu;Kai Zhang;Haixiang Yu;Guangxia Dong;Xingbo Qiao;Haifeng Wen(University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学,上海200093

出　　处：《化学进展》2020年第9期1412-1426,共15页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51408358)资助。

摘　　要：污泥是城市污水处理厂的副产物,是一种典型的固体废弃物,具有污染与资源的双重属性。以污泥作为原材料制备碳基催化材料并用于水环境催化是一种新型的污泥减量化和资源化利用方式。由于污泥是生物质有机质和多种无机氧化物、金属离子的混合物,因此以其制备的碳基催化剂或载体材料具有原料易得、活性位点分散、表面化学官能团易于调控、比表面积高等特点,并被广泛地用于多相Fenton催化、电催化、光催化、湿式氧化和臭氧氧化等水环境催化领域。本文将阐述污泥碳基催化剂材料的制备和改性方法,通过材料物理、化学性质与催化作用的构效关系并结合其在水环境催化领域的应用特点,说明碳基催化剂参与水中污染物吸附、电子转移和有机物降解的作用机制,同时对提高污泥基材料的稳定性、可重复利用性和催化活性提出新的展望。With dual attributes of pollutant and resources,sewage sludge(SS)is the byproduct from wastewater treatment plant,which belongs to typical urban solid waste.The use of SS as raw materials for the synthesis of carbon-based catalysts and their application in water environment catalysis is an implement of sludge reduction and resource reutilization.As SS is a mixture of organic matter from biomass and various inorganic oxides and metal ions,the carbon-based catalyst or carrier prepared from SS has the properties of easy availability of raw materials,strong dispersibility of active components on the carrier,easy adjustment of surface chemical functional groups,and high specific surface area.It is widely used in the field of multiphase Fenton reaction,electrochemical catalytic oxidation,complex photocatalytic reaction,catalytic wet oxidation and catalytic ozonation.This paper will describe the preparation and modification methods of sludge carbon-based catalyst materials.In addition,the mechanism,which carbon-based catalysts participate in pollutant adsorption,electron transfer,and organic degradation in water,is explained by the structure-activity relationship between physico-chemical properties of materials and catalytic action,combined with its application characteristics in the field of water environment catalysis.At the same time,a new prospect is put forward to improve the stability,reusability and catalytic activity of sludge-based materials.

关 键 词：污泥 碳基材料 催化剂 有机污染物 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学] X705[理学—化学]