高炉使用废钢的环境影响分析  

Environmental impact of scrap charge in blast furnace

作　　者：熊玮[1,2] 胡忆[1,2] 袁琛 李祥坤 毕学工 周进东[1,2] Xiong Wei;Hu Yi;Yuan Chen;Li Xiangkun;Bi Xuegong;Zhou Jindong(Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金新工艺湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报》2020年第6期401-405,共5页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(61933015);湖北省大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201810488085).

摘　　要：多使用废钢是钢铁工业减轻能源、环境、原料约束的有效手段,针对转炉废钢比已接近控制极限及电炉钢比例较低的情况,本文以某3200 m3高炉为研究对象,根据高炉炼铁流程的资源消耗、能源消耗及废弃物排放量,对废钢替代部分矿石原料炼铁的环境负荷和环境成本进行了对比分析。结果表明,高炉废钢装料比提高2%,可以减少入炉矿石原料50 kg/t,降低燃料比5 kg/t以上。原燃料消耗的减少,使资源因子和能源因子降低,同时也减少了原燃料准备工序的污染物排放量,环境负荷可降低3%左右,吨铁环境成本减少17.63元。高炉使用废钢对环境成本影响最大的是CO2,占一半以上,其次是烟尘和SO2。一座有效容积3200 m3的高炉,如果废钢装料比为10%,每年可以减少环境成本3.02亿元,税收负担也会大幅降低。Increasing the use of scrap steel is an effective means for the iron and steel industry to reduce energy and raw material consumption and lessen environmental impact.In view of the present situation that the scrap ratio in converter is close to the control limit and the electric furnace steel ratio is relatively low,a 3200 m3 blast furnace was taken as the research object,and a comparative analysis of environmental load and environmental cost by replacing some ore raw materials with scrap was conducted based on the resource consumption,energy consumption and waste emission in the route of blast furnace ironmaking.The results show that the increase of scrap charging ratio by 2%can reduce the amount of ore feed into the furnace by 50 kg/t and the fuel ratio by more than 5 kg/t.The reduction of raw and fuel consumption leads to the decrease of resource factor and energy factor,and at the same time reduces pollutant emissions in the raw and fuel preparation process.The environmental load can be reduced by about 3%,and the environmental cost by 17.63 yuan per ton hot metal.The largest impact factor of scrap charge in blast furnace on environmental costs is CO2,which accounts for more than half of the total,followed by dust and SO2.For a blast furnace with an effective volume of 3200 m3,if the scrap charging ratio is 10%,the annual environmental cost can be reduced by 302 million yuan,and the tax burden will also be greatly reduced.

关 键 词：高炉 废钢 消耗 污染物排放 环境负荷 环境成本 

分 类 号：TF4[冶金工程—钢铁冶金] X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]