大型换流变压器火灾事故特点与灭火方案  

Fire accident characteristics and firefighting solutions of large converter transformer

作　　者：陈涛 赵力增 傅学成 张佳庆 王庆 胡成 包志明 李宝利 李国辉 CHEN Tao;ZHAO Li-zeng;FU Xue-cheng;ZHANG Jia-qing;WANG Qing;HU Cheng;BAO Zhi-ming;LI Bao-li;LI Guo-hui(Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute,Anhui Hefei 230601,China;State Grid Economic and Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [2]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,安徽合肥230601 [3]国家电网有限公司,北京100031

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第8期1138-1141,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家电网公司科技重大专项项目(52120518002L);应急管理部消防救援局科研计划应用创新项目(2019XFCX37);应急管理部天津消防研究所基科费项目(2019SJ14)。

摘　　要：通过对大型换流变压器火灾原因与高发部位、变压器爆炸起火影响因素与发展过程以及套管爆炸起火事故特点的分析,明确现有灭火方案的不足,提出新型固定灭火系统方案。结果表明,高压套管是大型油浸变压器火灾的高发部位;变压器内部故障电弧能量达一定值后,可导致油箱发生爆炸,一次爆炸后能否引发火灾,与泄漏至空气中的混合气体是否达到爆炸极限以及是否有足够引燃能量密切相关;大型换流变压器灭火应坚持"以固为主"的原则,推荐采用无喷头无支管的压缩空气泡沫喷淋灭火系统。The problems of existing fire-fighting systems were clarified based on the analysis on the fire causes and high-risk area of large converter transformer,the influencing factors and development process of large transformer explosion and fire,as well as the characteristics of explosion and fire accidents of transformer high voltage(HV)bushing.A new fixed fire extinguishing system was also proposed.The results showed that HV bushing is a high fire risk area of large oil immersed transformer.The tank will explode when the energy of internal fault of transformer reaches a certain value.Whether a fire can be caused after a transformer explosion is closely related to whether the mixed gas leaked to the air reaches the explosion limit and whether there is enough ignition energy.The principle is that fire extinguishing based on fixed fire extinguishing system should be adhered to.It is recommended to use the new compressed air foamsprinkler system without sprinkler head and branch pipe.

关 键 词：大型换流变压器 套管爆炸 火灾 灭火系统 

分 类 号：TM721.1[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]