天线极化的理论分析及在雷达对抗中的应用  

Theoretical Analysis of Antenna Polarization and Application in Radar Countermeasure

作　　者：吴昌松 于卫刚 鲁永为 左国银 徐常伟 WU Chang-song;YU Wei-gang;LU Yong-wei;ZUO Guo-yin;XU Chang-wei(Luoyang Electronic Equipment Test Center of China,Henan Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国洛阳电子装备试验中心,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《现代防御技术》2020年第5期74-78,共5页Modern Defence Technology

摘　　要：极化与时域、频域一样都是电磁波的基本特性。雷达对电磁波极化信息的利用可以有效地提高其抗干扰、目标检测和目标识别的能力。探讨雷达天线的极化特性并加以利用有助于解决雷达对抗中的一些实际问题。基于任意极化波的分解理论,分析了线极化分量法和圆极化分量法的原理,建立了相关数学模型,给出了轴比和极化失配因子对接收机灵敏度及雷达接收端干信比的影响,在雷达对抗装备研制及雷达对抗试验评估中起到良好的参考作用。Polarization is the fundamental characteristic of electromagnetic wave as well as time domain and frequency domain.The use of the polarization information can effectively improve radar capabilities of antijamming,target detection and target recongnition.The polarization characteristics of radar antenna are discussed and used to solve some practical problems in radar countermeasures.Based on the decomposition theory of arbitrary polarization wave,the principle of linearly-and-circularly-polarized component method is analyzed.The relevant mathematical models are established.The efffects of axial ratio and polarization mismatch factor on radar receiver sensitivity and Jamming-to-Signal power Ratio at the receiving end are given.The study is of some value in the development of radar counter equipment and the evaluation of radar counter test.

关 键 词：雷达天线 空域极化特性 极化失配因子 轴比 交叉极化 雷达对抗 

分 类 号：TN95[电子电信—信号与信息处理] TN821.1[电子电信—信息与通信工程]