秩序、意识形态和模式之转换——中东剧变以来的地区政治发展  

Order,Ideology and Model Changes——Political Development in the Middle East since the Arab Upheaval

作　　者：唐志超[1,2] Tang Zhichao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所政治研究室 [2]中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所中东发展与治理研究中心,北京100101

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2020年第5期42-58,共17页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：中东剧变即将迎来十周年。过去十年,中东政治发生了巨大而深刻的变化,体现在秩序、意识形态、模式三个维度。中东正进入一个“后美国时代”,地区权力正发生深远转移。在美国相对衰落的同时,俄罗斯等其他外部新势力以及地区大国乘势而起。传统的地区权力体系遭到颠覆,联盟体系解体,国家碎片化,以政权为中心的国家权力结构面临非国家行为体的严峻挑战。秩序崩溃伴随着激烈的意识形态斗争。新自由主义在中东狂飙突进时代已告终结,民主、人权、选举、世俗化等传统叙事正在被正义、发展、稳定、改革等新的话语体系所取代。以土耳其、埃及、沙特和伊朗为代表的传统发展模式正悄然转型。中东地区政治的急剧转型反映了当下全球秩序的变迁及其所带来的地区反应,同时也凸显了中东政治中新一轮自主意识的兴起,开启政治上自我否定与自我重建的新进程。The Arab upheaval is about to usher in its 10th anniversary.In the past decade,great and profound changes have taken place in politics of MENA.This paper attempts to analyze the political changes in the Middle East in the past decade from three dimensions:order,ideology and mode.In short,the Middle East is entering a post-American era with a profound shift of power.With the relative decline of the United States,Russia and other new external forces as well as regional powers took advantage of the situation.The traditional regional power system has been subverted,the alliance system has disintegrated,and the state has been fragmented.The state power structure is facing severe challenges from non-state actors.Political and ideological changes in the Middle East have brought about changes in political discourse.The new liberalism has come to an end in the era of rapid development in the Middle East.The traditional narratives of democracy,human rights,elections and secularization are being replaced by new discourse systems such as justice,development,stability and reform.The development model of Saudi Arabia,Iran and Turkey is quietly changing.The rapid political transformation in the Middle East reflects the changes of the current global order and the regional response especially brought about by it.At the same time,it also highlights the rise of a new round of self-consciousness in the Middle East politics,and opens a new process of political self-negation and self-reconstruction.

关 键 词：中东政治 地区秩序 意识形态 政治发展模式 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]