新冠疫情下野生动物资源保护与利用的生物安全问题思考  

Biosafety issues in the protection and utilization of wild animal resources under the COVID⁃19 pandemic

作　　者：周立[1] 李刚[2] 孔雪 陈朗 冯勇[4] ZHOU Li;LI Gang;KONG Xue;CHEN Lang;FENG Yong(Center for Animal Experiments/Animal Biosafety Level III Laboratory,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,Hubei,China;Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin150069,Heilongjiang,China;College of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China;School of Basic Medical Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学动物实验中心动物生物安全三级实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150069 [3]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072 [4]武汉大学基础医学院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《生物资源》2020年第4期461-469,共9页Biotic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81471940)。

摘　　要：自2019年底以来,全球范围内爆发了新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行。SARS-CoV-2与蝙蝠来源的严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)样冠状病毒高度同源,且穿山甲等野生动物中也鉴定出了同源性高的SARS样冠状病毒,提示SARS-CoV-2的源头与野生动物有关,野生动物资源利用与保护相关的生物安全问题凸显。在此背景下,本文介绍了常见的人畜共患病毒,提出了人类在利用野生生物资源时如何预防此类病毒的建议和思考。呼吁全社会应高度重视野生动物资源生物安全问题,形成"动物的健康即人类的健康、坚决不吃野味"的全民共识。Since December,2019,an outbreak of infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has raised intensive attention worldwide.Considering the high similarity of SARS-CoV-2 to bat SARS-CoV-like coronaviruses,bats likely serve as natural reservoir hosts.The presence of a receptor binding domain in pangolins very similar to that of SARS-CoV-2 suggested that the virus probably jumped to humans.This scenario presumes a period of unrecognized transmission in humans between the initial zoonotic event,which arises the biosafety issues in the protection and utilization of wild animal resources.Here we discuss frequent zoonoses,and how to control and avoid zoonosis when we utilize wild animal resources.For this aim,the whole sociaty should reach a consensus that animal health defines human health and wild animal food should be banned.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 野生动物 生物资源 生物安全 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]