性别角色与女性劳动力市场表现  

Gender Roles and the Labor Market Outcomes of Women

作　　者：张川川[1] 王靖雯 CHUANCHUAN ZHANG;JINGWEN WANG(Central University of Finance and Economics;Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院 [2]清华大学经济管理学院经济系

出　　处：《经济学（季刊）》2020年第3期977-994,共18页China Economic Quarterly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(71503282);霍英东基金会高等院校青年教师基金的资助。

摘　　要：传统性别角色强调女性对家庭的责任,不鼓励女性参与社会就业。本文使用2010年中国综合社会调查数据,实证检验了性别角色对女性劳动力市场表现的影响。研究结果显示,性别角色观念越传统的地区,女性从事受雇佣工作的概率越低,从业女性的工资收入也越低。尽管文化观念在代际之间传递且相对稳定,但仍会受到制度和政策冲击的影响。使用各地获得"三八红旗手"称号的女性劳动者比例作为计划经济时代妇女解放运动强度的代理变量,我们发现,在妇女解放运动越深入的地区,当代性别观念越现代化,女性劳动参与率和收入水平也越高。Using China General Social Survey data, we try to examine the impact of gender roles on the labor market outcomes of women. We find that traditional gender roles emphasizing women’s responsibility for housework are negatively related to the employment rate and earnings of women. Although the gender roles are persistent and transmit across generations, we find that women’s liberation movements during the planned economy period significantly reshape the gender roles, where we proxy the intensity of local women’s liberation movements using local numbers of the National March 8 th Red-Banner Pacesetters in 1960 and 1979. Using the intensity of local women’s liberation movements as instrument for gender roles, we find consistent evidences that the traditional gender roles decrease the likelihood of being employed and earnings of women.

关 键 词：性别角色 女性就业 收入 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] F249.2[社会学]