汉语偏正复句小句融合紧密度差异及其动因研究  

Research on the Clause Combining Extent Differences of Chinese Complex Sentence and Its Motivation

作　　者：徐式婧[1] Xu Shi-jing(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学,北京100083

出　　处：《外语学刊》2020年第5期27-31,共5页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“类型学视角下汉语条件句历时演变的动因与机制研究”(18BYY171);北京语言大学院级科研项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金)“汉语关联标记功能的历时演变研究”(20YJ160003)和“汉语复句中的互动关系研究”(19YJ160003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉语的偏正复句(让步复句、假设复句和因果复句)在"一般级主从构式"和"强化级主从构式"的频率分布存在差异,这种差异反映出语言内部深层的小句融合紧密程度的不同。在现代汉语中,让步复句的小句融合紧密程度最高,假设复句其次,因果复句最低。这种差异是由历时因素造成的,与3者发生历时演变的时间先后顺序有着重要关联。让步复句最早从松散的并列构式,发展为紧密结合的主从构式,因此其在现代汉语中的紧密程度最高;条件复句紧跟其后完成演变,因此在现代汉语中的紧密程度居中;因果复句最晚完成向主从构式的演变,因此在现代汉语中的紧密程度最低。这种先后顺序产生的动因在于3种逻辑关系的可感知程度差异。In Modern Chinese,Chinese complex sentence,including Concession complex sentences,Condition complex sentences andCause complex sentences,have differences in the frequency of using Nomal-Hypotaxis and Reinforced-Hypotaxis.This inflectsdifferent degree of integration between clauses deep in linguistics:Concession has higher degree of integration than Condition,and Cause has the lowest degree of integration.This difference is due to diachronic factors.Concession finished the evolutionfrom Parataxis to Hypotaxis before Condition,which evolved from the minimal integration to the maximal integration;Cause fi-nished the evolution until Modern Chinese.This ultimately decided the different degree of integration of Logic Clauses in ModernChinese.The motivation of this phenomenon is because of cognitive difference of three logic relations.

关 键 词：偏正复句 小句融合 紧密度 动因 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]