解决催化裂化装置分馏塔结盐的技术措施  

Technical measures of solving salt deposition in fractionator of catalytic cracking unit

作　　者：李林[1] 卢林清 崔秀梅[2] 吴烨 郝勇 薛金召[4] Li Lin;Lu Linqing;Cui Xiumei;Wu Ye;Hao Yong;Xue Jinzhao(Oil Refinery of PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company,Lanzhou,Gansu,China;PetroChina Jilin Petrochemical Company,Jijin,Jijin,China;PetroChina Beijing Oil&Gas Pipeline Contract Center,Beijing,China;Hunan Petrochemical Vocational College,Yueyang,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油兰州石化公司炼油厂 [2]中国石油吉林石化公司 [3]中国石油北京油气调控中心 [4]湖南石油化工职业技术学院

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2020年第5期15-19,25,共6页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“实现减柴增汽的FD2G-FDFCC-Ⅲ组合处理工艺的探索与实践”(19C1185);中国石油兰州石化公司科研项目“催化装置分馏塔脱氯研究”(LZSH201602)。

摘　　要：分馏塔结盐是影响催化裂化装置长周期稳定运行的关键问题,会引起分馏塔压降增大、顶循环泵抽空、汽油干点升高等,严重时甚至导致分馏塔冲塔。对催化裂化装置分馏塔结盐原因进行了分析,介绍了近年来生产运行及研究所采取的技术措施及效果,主要包括:①催化原料脱盐;②分馏塔在线水洗;③分馏塔顶循流程优化;④分馏塔顶循回流脱水;⑤添加铵盐分散剂,分析了各种方法的优缺点。通过采取相应技术措施后,能有效缓解或解决分馏塔的结盐问题,对催化裂化装置的长周期稳定运行起到了积极的作用。Salt deposition in fractionator is a key problem affecting long-term stable operation of catalytic cracking unit.It will increase the pressure drop of the fractionator,exhaust the top circulating pump,increase the dry point of gasoline and even cause the flushing of the fractionator.The causes of salt deposition in fractionator of catalytic cracking unit was analyzed,some technical measures and effects in production and research was introduced in recent years,mainly including:(1)desalting of catalytic raw materials;(2)online water washing of fractionator;(3)optimization of top circulation process of fractionator;(4)top circulation dehydration of fractionator;(5)addition of ammonium salt dispersant.The advantages and disadvantages of various methods were analyzed.By adopting the corresponding technical measures,the problem of salt deposition in fractionator was effectively alleviated or solved,which plays a positive role in long-term stable operation of catalytic cracking unit.

关 键 词：催化裂化 分馏塔 结盐 在线水洗 顶循回流脱水 铵盐分散剂 

分 类 号：TE962[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]