水产养殖复合式自动增氧系统设计与试验  

Design and Test of Compound Mechanical Automatic Aeration in Aquaculture

作　　者：蒋建明[1,2] 乔增伟 朱正伟 宦娟[1] 史兵[1] 郇战[1] JIANG Jianming;QIAO Zengwei;ZHU Zhengwei;HUAN Juan;SHI Bing;HUAN Zhan(School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Huaide College,Changzhou University,Jingjiang 214500,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学微电子与控制工程学院,常州213164 [2]常州大学怀德学院,靖江214500

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第10期278-283,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61772090);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(61803050)。

摘　　要：针对我国规模化、高密度化水产养殖中机械增氧方式单一和增氧效率偏低的问题,提出利用耕水机白天以低功率驱动养殖池水体上下循环,促进各层水体中的藻类循环到上层,通过光合作用大幅度提高水体溶解氧含量,以减少其他增氧机械应急增氧。分析了溶解氧含量测量节点对测量误差的二次抛物线自修正,进行了可变因子与固定因子模糊变频增氧控制、复合增氧与单一机械增氧的对比试验。通过试验发现,可变因子模糊变频控制可更快提高水体溶解氧含量,在额定区域内更稳定;在晴朗白天、无应急增氧情况下,复合增氧模式下养殖池水体溶解氧分布不仅上下层均匀,而且整个水体吸收了更多藻类光合作用产生的氧气;在应急增氧情况下,复合增氧模式下养殖池不仅各层水体溶解氧含量得到提高,而且耕水机驱散了叶轮增氧机附近的高溶解氧含量水体,有利于提高增氧机效率。试验表明,复合增氧模式下晴天单个养殖池每天节约电能7.80 kW·h,第3季度节约电能587.34 kW·h,表明水产养殖中复合式机械增氧有利于节约电能。Large-scale and high-density is the development trend of aquaculture in China.The impeller aerator is the most important aerators for aquaculture in China,with a market share of over 80%.The biofan is an aeration machine introduced from Japan in recent years.It can circulate the water up and down with low power during the day,and the photosynthesis of algae in the water can greatly increase the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water.However,it was difficult for biofan to play the role of aeration in rainy days or at night,so it must be used together with other aeration machines.Variable factor and fixed factor fuzzy frequency conversion aeration control of impeller aerators was first studied.Through the experiment,it was found that the variable factor fuzzy frequency conversion control improved the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body faster and the control was more stable in the rated area.Subsequently,the simultaneous operation of the biofan and impeller aerator was analyzed.In this working mode,the distribution of dissolved oxygen in the water of the breeding pond was not only uniform on the upper and lower layers,but also the whole water body absorbed more oxygen produced by algae photosynthesis.The biofan dispersed the water body with high dissolved oxygen content near the impeller aerator to improve the working efficiency of the impeller aerator.The combined use of biofan and impeller aerator can save 7.80 kW·h of electricity per day on sunny days and save 587.34 kW·h in the third quarter.

关 键 词：水产养殖 复合增氧 耕水机 叶轮增氧机 

分 类 号：S969[农业科学—水产养殖]