卫星电源系统短路暂态特性分析及对策  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Short Circuit Transient Characteristics for Satellite Power System

作　　者：章玄 邢杰[1,2] 余文涛 康庆[1,2] 黄智 李峰[1] ZHANG Xuan;XING Jie;YU Wen-tao;KANG Qing;HUANG Zhi;LI Feng(Institute of Telecommunications Satellite,China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Joint Laboratory of Technology Innovation for Space Power Supply System,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院通信卫星事业部,北京100094 [2]空间电源系统技术创新联合实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《宇航学报》2020年第9期1212-1220,共9页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：针对卫星电源系统短路故障导致母线电压跌落、业务中断甚至整星失效的问题,分别采用电路模型和数学模型的方法对短路后母线电压的暂态特性进行分析,指出故障持续过程经历母线电容放电、太阳电池阵动作、放电调节器动作、蓄电池经二极管直接供电这4个阶段,分析了各阶段母线电压的暂态响应及转换条件。随后,研究了发生稳态电压跌落的条件及其影响因素。针对航天器通常使用的快速熔断器保护,分析了母线电压跌落受熔断I^2T、短路通路阻抗、蓄电池内阻、蓄电池开路电压的影响程度。依据暂态特性的分析,提出接地优化方法以及蓄电池开路电压、短路通路阻抗和欠压保护点的配合设计方法,使得短路暂态过程母线电压跌落程度满足系统关键单机运行的需求。This paper mainly studies the seriously harmful short-circuit fault of satellite power system and analyzes the transient characteristics based on both circuit model and mathematical model. The transient process can be subdivided into four stages: the bus capacitor discharge stage, the solar array regulator power-up stage, the battery discharge regulator power-up stage and the battery diode conduction stage. This paper points out the conversion conditions of these stages. According to the faults transient process, this paper analyzes the requirements and impacts of the static voltage drop. Then the influences of fusing I^2T, short-circuit resistance, battery internal resistance and battery open-circuit voltage are determined considering that the fuse protection is popular in satellites. Finally, this paper proposes a new grounding mode and parameter optimization methods including the battery open-circuit voltage, the short-circuit resistance and the threshold of under-voltage protection, which can make the critical stand-alone equipment keep working during the fault process.

关 键 词：卫星电源系统 短路分析 母线电压跌落 影响因素 保护 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]