中国反贫困战略的四层结构  

The Four-tier Structure of China’s Anti-poverty Strategy

作　　者：付丽媛 FU Liyuan

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《人权》2020年第4期75-93,共19页Human Rights

基　　金：国家社科基金规划项目“基层政治稳定与风险管控研究”(19BZZ048)。

摘　　要：造成贫困的原因可以分为整体性原因、结构性原因、条件性原因和个体性原因。改革开放以来,中国调整了反贫困战略,针对上述四类贫困采取对应的减贫措施,取得了显著的成就。全面建成小康社会后,中国需要对反贫困战略作出适时调整:要适应国际环境的变化采取促进经济发展的政策,持续提升国家整体脱贫水平;政府需要继续采取积极措施消解结构性贫困、改变条件性贫困;政府在进一步完善社会救助制度的同时,可以将减少个体性贫困的工作更多地交由社会组织开展。The causes of poverty can be divided into the overall,the structural,the conditional and the individual causes.Since the reform and opening up,China has adjusted its anti-poverty strategy and adopted corresponding poverty reduction measures for the above four types of poverty,with remarkable achievements made.After completing the construction of an moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,China needs to make timely adjustments to its anti-poverty strategy:first,it should adapt to the changes in the international environment by adopting policies,conducive to economic development and continuously improve the overall poverty alleviation level;second,the government needs to continue to take positive measures to combat structural poverty and change conditional poverty;third,the government should further improve the social assistance system at the same time while delegating a larger portion of the individual poverty task to social organizations.

关 键 词：整体性贫困 结构性贫困 条件性贫困 个体性贫困 反贫困战略 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]