空心玻璃微珠/硬质聚氨酯泡沫复合材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of hollow glass microspheres/rigid polyurethane foam composites

作　　者：刘秀玉[1,2] 张冰 韩祥祥 刘亚辉 赵石旭 唐刚 LIU Xiuyu;ZHANG Bing;HAN Xiangxiang;LIU Yahui;ZHAO Shixu;TANG Gang(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243032,China;Nanjing Gongda Kaiyuan Environmental Protection Technology(Chuzhou)Co.Ltd.,Chuzhou 239000,China;Sinosteel Maanshan New Material Technology Co.Ltd.,Ma’anshan 243004,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,马鞍山243032 [2]南京工大开元环保科技(滁州)有限公司,滁州239000 [3]中钢集团马鞍山矿院新材料科技有限公司,马鞍山243004

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2020年第9期2094-2104,共11页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51403004);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2017M610399);四川省非金属复合与功能材料重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金(17kffk14)。

摘　　要：以空心玻璃微珠(HGM)为添加剂,采用一步法全水发泡制备了一系列HGM/硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)复合材料。通过SEM、TG、极限氧指数(LOI)和水平燃烧,研究了HGM/RPUF复合材料的泡孔结构、炭层形貌、热稳定性及阻燃性能。采用万能材料试验机测试了HGM/RPUF复合材料的压缩强度和压缩弹性模量。采用热重-傅里叶红外光谱(TG-FTIR)研究了HGM/RPUF复合材料燃烧过程中的气相产物。研究表明,HGM有成核剂作用,可以缩小HGM/RPUF复合材料泡孔孔径。HGM在燃烧过程中迁移到炭层表面,促进形成致密厚实的炭层。当加入5.4wt%HGM时,HGM/RPUF复合材料的压缩强度及压缩弹性模量分别提高至0.14 MPa和4.53 MPa,相对RPUF,分别提高了37.30%和67.16%。同时发现,HGM能明显抑制HGM/RPUF复合材料在燃烧过程中CO的释放,有效提高了其火灾安全性。The hollow glass microspheres(HGM)were used as additives to prepare a series of HGM/rigid polyurethane foam(RPUF)composites by one-step water-blown method.SEM,TG,limiting oxygen index(LOI)and horizontal combustion were applied to investigate the cell structure,char layer morphology,thermal stability and flame retardancy of the HGM/RPUF composites.The universal material testing machine was applied to study the compressive strength and compressive elastic modulus of the HGM/RPUF composites.Thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(TG-FTIR)was applied to investigate the gaseous phase products of the HGM/RPUF composites.The results show that the HGM work as nucleating agent,which can reduce the pore diameter of the HGM/RPUF composites.In combustion,the HGM particles migrate to the surface of the char layer,promoting the formation of the compact char layer.When 5.4 wt%of HGM were added,the compressive strength and compressive elastic modulus of the HGM/RPUF composites are increased to 0.14 MPa and 4.53 MPa,respectively,which are increased by 37.30%and 67.16%compared with those of the RPUF.At the same time,it is found that the HGM can significantly inhibit the release of toxic CO in combustion process,enhancing the fire safety of the HGM/RPUF composites.

关 键 词：硬质聚氨酯泡沫 空心玻璃微珠 复合材料 力学性能 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]