离心雾化低容量喷杆喷雾与常量喷雾对比研究  

Comparative research on centrifugal-low volume spray and conventional spray in fields

作　　者：赵铖 何雄奎[1] 曾爱军[1] 乔白羽 张清军 齐振超 赵清[4] ZHAO Cheng;HE Xiongkui;ZENG Aijun;QIAO Baiyu;ZHANG Qingjun;QI Zhenchao;ZHAO Qing(College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Plant Protection Station of Huojia,Henan Province,Huojia 453800,Henan Province,China;Henan Shenggong Plant Protection Co.,Ltd.,Huojia 453800,Henan Province,China;National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair of China,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学理学院,北京100193 [2]河南省获嘉县植保站,河南获嘉453800 [3]河南省获嘉县省工农业植保装备有限公司,河南获嘉453800 [4]农业农村部全国农业技术推广服务中心药械处,北京100125

出　　处：《农药学学报》2020年第5期884-891,共8页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200304,2017YFD0700903);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-20).

摘　　要：为探究装配离心雾化喷头的喷杆喷雾机在小麦田植保作业中的适用性,研发了一种基于低容量离心雾化技术的喷杆喷雾机(BSC),以添加诱惑红示踪剂的3种药剂(5%己唑醇悬浮剂、40%氧乐果乳油和50%吡蚜酮水分散粒剂)的混合复配制剂为供试药液,与装配液力式喷头的背负式喷雾器(KSH)、喷杆喷雾机(BSH)以及装配离心雾化喷头的背负式喷雾器(KSC)进行田间施药对比试验,分析了4种机具的主要作业效果指标——雾滴沉积分布均匀性、小麦冠层药液穿透性、作业效率以及防治效果。结果表明:对于沉积均匀性,离心雾化低容量喷杆喷雾与常量喷雾无显著性差异,而装配离心雾化喷头的背负式喷雾器的沉积均匀性低于其他3种机具;与常量喷雾相比,离心雾化方式有效提高了药液的冠层穿透性,最多可提高2.9倍;与常量喷杆、低容量离心背负和常量背负式喷雾器相比,低容量离心喷杆喷雾机的作业效率分别提高0.5倍、5.6倍和18.6倍;对比空白处理,低容量离心喷雾和常量喷雾方式防治效果显著,但两者之间无显著性差异。该研究可为低容量施药技术、超低容量施药技术和离心雾化技术在喷杆喷雾机上的应用提供参考。To explore the applicability of boom sprayer equipped with centrifugal nozzle in the fields,a new boom based on the technology of centrifugal nozzle and low-volume spray was developed.The mixed compound preparation of three agents(5%hexaconazole SC,40%omethoate EC and 50%pymetrozine WG)with red tracer was used as the spray solution.Through comparative field experiment on the performances of the 4 types of sprayers,namely,knapsack sprayer with hydraulic nozzle(KSH),boom sprayer with hydraulic nozzle(BSH),knapsack sprayer with centrifugal nozzle(KSC)and boom sprayer with centrifugal nozzle(BSC),the dominant factors affecting the spraying quality,including the droplets deposition distribution uniformity,canopy penetrability,the work efficiency and the effect of biological control,were analyzed.The results showed that compared to other conventional sprayers(KDH,BSH and KSC),BSC was as good as KDH and BSH in the deposition uniformity,but better than KSC.Compared with the conventional spray,centrifugal technology could effectively improve canopy penetration by up to 2.9 times.Compared with KDH,BSH and KSC,the work efficiency of BSC was increased by 0.5,5.6 and 18.6 times,respectively.Compared with the control group,the control efficacy of these sprayers was significant,but there was no significant difference among them.This study has provided a reference for the technology of centrifugal atomization and low-volume sprayused in boom sparyer.

关 键 词：离心雾化 低容量喷雾技术 喷杆喷雾机 雾滴沉积 作业效率 冠层穿透性 

分 类 号：TQ450.5[化学工程—农药化工] S491[农业科学—植物保护]