香果树可培养内生真菌的群落结构及功能活性菌株的筛选  

Community structure of culturable endophytic fungi isolated from Emmenopterys henryi Oliv.and screening for functional activated strains

作　　者：张红芳 李小红 何刚 陈晔 ZHANG Hongfang;LI Xiaohong;HE Gang;CHEN Ye(School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Jiujiang University,332000,Jiujiang)

机构地区：[1]九江学院药学与生命科学学院,江西九江332000

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第5期34-47,共14页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360064);江西省自然科学基金(20171BAB204007)。

摘　　要：为进一步保护和利用香果树这一濒危植物,以香果树为材料,运用传统组织分离与分子生物学方法相结合,对4个居群地(庐山、井冈山、三清山、铜鼓)的香果树的内生真菌物种多样性、群落组成以及生态分布规律进行研究,并对庐山香果树不同季节内生真菌进行对比分析。结果显示:从香果树1980个组织块中分离出757株内生真菌,其中产孢菌株240株,占总数31.70%,不产孢菌株517株,占总数68.30%。根据形态学特征和分子鉴定结果,757菌株隶属于Arthopyrenia、Colletotrichum、Phomopsis、Penicillium等40个分类单元。在属级水平,以Arthopyrenia(19.42%)、Colletotrichum(15.32%)和Diaporthe(9.64%)为优势菌群;根据分离频率,不同居群地香果树内生真菌存在差异,分离频率顺序为:三清山(31.18%)>井冈山(30.32%)>铜鼓(24.52%)>庐山(13.98%);根据相似性系数,4个居群地香果树内生真菌相似性系数在0.29-0.52之间。同时研究发现不同季节香果树不同组织部位内生真菌在数量、种群分布以及优势种群等方面都存在较大差异,其分离频率顺序为:叶(50.99%)>根(25.63%)>茎(23.38%),冬季(41.74%)>秋季(40.06%)>夏季(18.21%)。形成内生真菌分布差异性可能与不同地理位置、气候因素、土壤理化性质和宿主植物组织的生理状况等密切相关。同时,对分离获得757株香果树内生真菌菌株进行溶磷、解钾、分泌IAA的功能活性筛选,获得82株具溶磷效果,36株具解钾活性,13株具分泌IAA活性的菌株,9株既有溶磷又有解钾活性,为进一步探索香果树植物内生真菌对宿主植物促生效应提供依据。In order to further protect and utilize the endangered plant of Emmenopterys henryi Oliv.,the species diversity,community composition and ecological distribution of endophytic fungi in four locations(Lushan,Jinggangshan,Sanqing Mountain and Tonggu)of E.henryi Oliv.were studied by using traditional tissue isolation and molecular biology methods,and the endophytic fungi in different seasons of E.henryi in Lushan Mountain were compared and analyzed.The results showed that 757 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from 1980 tissues of E.henryi,of which 240 spore-forming strains accounted for 31.70%and 517 non-spore-forming strains accounted for 68.30%.According to the morphological characteristics and molecular identification results,strain 757 belonged to 40 taxa including Arthopyrenia,Colletotrichum,Phomopsis,Penicillium and so on.At genus level,Arthopyrenia(19.42%),Colletotrichum(15.32%)and Diaporthe(9.64%)were the dominant bacterial groups.According to the frequency of separation,there were differences in the endophytic fungi of of E.henryi in different populations,and the frequency of separation was:Sanqingshan(31.18%)>Jinggangshan(30.32%)>Tonggu(24.52%)>Lushan(13.98%).From similarity coefficient,the isolation frequencies of endophytic fungi in four locations were different.The similarity coefficient of fungi ranged from 0.29 to 0.52.At the same time,the study found that the number,population distribution and dominant population of endophytic fungi in different tissues of E.henryi varied greatly in different seasons.The order of isolation frequency was leaf(50.99%)>root(25.63%)>stem(23.38%),winter(41.74%)>autumn(40.06%)>summer(18.21%).The difference in the distribution of endophytic fungi might be closely related to different geographic locations,climatic factors,soil physical and chemical properties,and the physiological status of host plant tissues.At the same time,757 strains of endophytic fungi isolated from E.henryi were screened for phosphorus-soluble,potassium-soluble and IAA-secreting activities.82 s

关 键 词：香果树 内生真菌 群落结构 功能活性菌株 筛选 

分 类 号：Q939.5[生物学—微生物学]