2型糖尿病周围神经病变动物模型的建立及检测指标分析  

Establishment and Validation of Animal Models of Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathies

作　　者：王璇 徐斌 WANG Xuan;XU Bin(School of Acupuncture and Massage,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 220023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学针灸推拿学院,南京220023

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2020年第5期658-666,共9页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81673883、81373749和81574071);江苏省研究生科研创新计划(KYCX20_1539)。

摘　　要：目的通过阅读动物实验文献,对2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)模型常用动物、造模方法、成模指标、适用指征等进行分析。方法通过中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed、万方数据库检索近10年内与2型DPN相关的动物实验研究文献,并对其中相关指标及数据进行统计分析。结果2型DPN动物模型常用动物为SD大鼠,常用方法为实验诱导建模,即高能饲料喂养结合低剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)注射;判断动物模型成模指标分为2型糖尿病成模指标及周围神经病变成模指标。2型糖尿病成模指标:空腹血糖>11.1 mmol/L或随机血糖>13.8 mmol/L、胰岛素抵抗;周围神经病变成模指标:神经传导速度降低、热痛觉及机械痛觉异常、坐骨神经形态异常、表皮神经纤维减少。结论2型DPN动物模型通常使用SD雄性大鼠,采用高糖高脂饲料(含10%猪油、20%蔗糖)或高脂饲料(含45%~60%猪油)喂养结合低剂量STZ(25~35 mg/kg)单次腹腔注射的诱导方式,具有成模率高、死亡率低、可操作性强等优势,结合行为学、病理形态学及神经电生理学检测为综合判定指标。该研究方案适用于研究2型DPN病变早期及肥胖相关2型DPN发病机制及干预措施起效途径的研究,具有一定参考价值。Objective To analyze the common animals,modeling methods,modeling indicators,and applicable indicators of animal models of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathies(DPN)by literature review.Methods Literature on animal experiments concerning type 2 DPN were searched in databases including CNKI,PubMed,and Wanfang Database.The relevant indicators and data were statistically analyzed.Results SD rats were commonly used as the modeling animals of type 2 DPN,and the commonly used method was experimental induction,during which a combination of low-dose streptozotocin(STZ)and high-energy intake was applied.Indicators of successful modeling of type 2 diabetes mellitus included:fasting blood glucose>11.1 mmol/L or random blood glucose>13.8 mmol/L and insulin resistance;indicators of successful DPN modeling included:decreased nerve conduction velocity,abnormal thermal and mechanical pain,abnormal morphology of sciatic nerve,and decreased subepidermal nerve fibers.Conclusions Type 2 DPN animal modeling usually uses SD male rats,which are fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet(containing 10%lard and 20%sucrose)or high-fat diet(containing 45%-60%Lard)combined with a single intraperitoneal injection of low-dose STZ(25-35 mg/kg),which is featured by high modeling rate,low mortality,and strong operability.With the success of modeling can be judged by the behaviors,pathomorphology,and neuroelectricity of the animals.These findings may inform further studies on the mechanisms of early-stage type 2 DPN and its interventions.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 周围神经病变 动物模型 检测方法 造模方法 

分 类 号：R825.8[医药卫生—临床医学]