1990—2015年广西人工用材林土壤肥力演变特征  

Evolution Characteristics of Soil Fertility of Timber Plantations in Guangxi from 1990 to 2015

作　　者：唐健[1] 赵隽宇 石媛媛[1] 覃祚玉[1] 覃其云[1] 曹继钊[1] Tang Jian;Zhao Junyu;Shi Yuanyuan;Qin Zuoyu;Qin Qiyun;Cao Jizhao(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2020年第3期354-360,共7页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西科技基地和人才专项——广西林学与生物学院士工作站能力建设(桂科AD17129051);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204087-11);广西主要用材林减肥增效沃土保育关键技术推广与示范(gl2017kt15)。

摘　　要：分析25年广西人工用材林造林树种的结构变化与土壤肥力的演变特征,探讨连续种植对林分养分及土壤肥力的影响,以期为广西人工用材林地力维持与可持续经营提供理论依据。结果表明,25年间桉树人工林土壤p H值下降了7.82%,土壤酸化明显;有机质、全磷、碱解氮和速效钾含量分别下降了15.86%、13.27%、19.44%和39.32%。杉木人工林土壤pH值上升了8.45%,有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量提高显著,全磷和速效磷含量分别下降了15.06%和24.50%。松树人工林土壤养分无明显变化。25年间桉树、杉木和松树人工林土壤肥力指数为0.64~1.49,松树人工林土壤肥力指数偏低。在人工用材林经营与抚育中,应重视合理施肥,减少酸性化肥的使用;延长桉树人工林轮伐期至8~12年;提高有机肥的施用比例,增强土壤保肥和保水能力,保证其高效和可持续发展。Based on analysis of tree species structure change and soil fertility evolution characteristics of timber plantations in Guangxi for 25 years,effects of long-term continuous cropping on stand nutrients and soil fertility were discussed in order to provide theoretical basis for maintenance and sustainable management of timber plantations in Guangxi.Results showed that soil pH of eucalypt plantation decreased by 7.82%for 25 years,and soil acidification was obvious;contents of organic matter,total phosphor,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium decreased by 15.86%,13.27%,19.44%and 39.32%,respectively.Soil pH of chinese fir plantation increased by 8.45%;contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increased significantly;contents of total phosphor and available phosphor decreased by15.06%and 24.50%,respectively.There was no obvious trend in soil nutrient evolution in pine plantation.During 25 years,soil fertility indexes of eucalypt,chinese fir and pine plantation ranged from 0.64 to 1.49,and soil fertility index of pine plantation was relatively low.In plantation management and cultivation,reasonable fertilization should be paid attention;use of acid fertilizers should be reduced;rotation period of eucalypt plantation should be extended to 8-12 years;application of organic fertilizers should be increased,which could promot soil fertilizer and water conservation ability and ensure high efficient and sustainable development.

关 键 词：地力维持 内梅罗指数 人工林 土壤质量 连栽 

分 类 号：S155.4[农业科学—土壤学]