西藏彭波河谷夏季鸟类物种多样性与环境梯度的相关性研究  

The correlation between species diversity of summering birds and environmental gradient in the PenBo Valley,Tibet

作　　者：靳淮明 樊海德 次仁 JIN Huaiming;FAN Haide;Tsering(School of Sciences,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Institute of high mountain Animal ecology,College of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学理学院高山动物生态研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2020年第2期37-47,共11页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502004).

摘　　要：2017年9月采用系统抽样法对林周县彭波河谷的夏季鸟类物种多样性与环境梯度之间的相关性进行了调查。从海拔3800 m到5100 m共设置了8个海拔梯度,每个梯度设置3个重复。共记录到42种鸟类,隶属于13目25科35属。研究地鸟类平均物种多度为4.21±3.19,物种多度在各样地之间没有明显的差异(H=13.45,df=7,P=0.061),物种多度与海拔高度(β=-0.001,P=1.292-6,D2=0.547)、土壤湿度(β=-0.046,P=7.755-5,D2=0.370)呈负相关,但与土壤温度呈正相关(β=0.106,P=1.437-5,D2=0.409);平均鸟类群落多样性指数(H)为1.044±0.595,在各样地之间有显著差异(F7,16=3.309,P=0.022),多样性指数随海拔的增高而降低(F1,22=21.04,P=0.0001,R2=0.488),与土壤温度呈正相关(F1,22=10.53,P=0.004,R2=0.323)。研究区域内的夏季鸟类群落均匀度指数为0.590±0.159,在各样地之间没有明显的差异(H=4.21,df=7,P=0.050);群落优势度指数为0.185±0.251,在各样地之间没有明显的差异(H=10.32,df=7,P=0.170)。海拔高度、土壤温度和土壤湿度等环境因子通过影响栖息地来影响鸟类的多度和丰度。This study was carried out in the Penbo Valley using systematic sampling method during September 2017,where 8 altitudinal gradients were established from 3800 to 5100 m altitude with 3 replications in each gradient,for the purpose of studying the correlation between species diversity of summering birds and environmental gradient in the Penbo Velly.A total of 42 species were recorded belonging to 13 orders,25 families and35 genres.The average species richness was 4.21±3.19 and there was no difference between altitudinal gradients(H=13.45,df=7,P=0.061),but it was negatively correlated with altitude(β=-0.001,P=1.292-6,D2=0.547)and soil humidity(β=-0.046,P=7.755-5,D2=0.370).A positive correlation was found between species richness and soil temperature(β=0.106,P=1.437-5,D2=0.409).The community diversity index(H)was 1.044±0.595 and was significantly different between altitudinal gradients(F7,16=3.309,P=0.022).The community diversity index was negatively correlated with altitude(F1,22=21.04,P=0.0001,R2=0.488)and positively correlated with soil temperature changes(F1,22=10.53,P=0.004,R2=0.323).There were no differences in the evennness index(0.590±0.159)and the dominance index(0.185±0.251)of summmering bird community between altitudinal gradients(H=4.21,df=7,P=0.050;H=10.32,df=7,P=0.170).The species richness and abundance of birds were affected by elevation,soil temperature and moisture through influencing their habitats.

关 键 词：西藏 彭波河谷 鸟类 物种多样性 环境梯度 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]