枯草芽孢杆菌对断奶驴驹生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Intestinal Flora of Weaned Donkey Foals

作　　者：张婷[1] 冯培祥 王卓[1] 刘晓颖[1] 司华哲 姜桂苗 赵付伟 李光玉[1] 刘晗璐[1] ZHANG Ting;FENG Peixiang;WANG Zhuo;LIU Xiaoying;SI Huazhe;JIANG Guimiao;ZHAO Fuwei;LI Guangyu;LIU Hanlu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Changchun 130112,China;Engineering Research Center of Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dong-E-E-Jiao Co.,Ltd.,Dong’e 252201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112 [2]东阿阿胶股份有限公司,国家胶类中药工程技术研究中心,东阿252201

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第10期4956-4962,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对断奶黑毛驴驴驹生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及肠道菌群的影响。选择5~6月龄雌性断奶驴驹[平均体重为(113.40±17.52)kg]10头,随机分成2组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(A组)和基础饲粮+枯草芽孢杆菌(B组,枯草芽孢杆菌按1011 CFU/kg添加于精饲料中,精饲料按照驴驹体重的1.3%定量饲喂),每组5个重复,每个重复1头。预试期7 d,试验期60 d。结果表明:1~30 d时,饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌可提高断奶驴驹平均日增重(P<0.05),31~60 d时,2组间各项生长性能指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌可显著提高断奶驴驹粗脂肪表观消化率(P<0.05),而干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率2组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。B组拟杆菌门相对丰度显著高于A组(P<0.05),在细菌属水平上,2组间并无显著差异(P>0.05)。但是,A组中两头变形菌门相对丰度较高的驴驹,其不动杆菌属相对丰度较高,达到34.35%~48.12%。由此可见,饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌有利于提高断奶早期驴驹日增重,提高粗脂肪表观消化率,增加拟杆菌门相对丰度,对提高驴驹生长性能具有一定的益生作用。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and intestinal flora of weaned donkey foals.Ten 5 to 6-month-old female weaned donkey foals with an average body weight of(113.40±17.52)kg,were randomly divided into 2 groups with 5 replicates per group and 1 donkey per replicate,and they were fed diets:a basal diet(A group)and the basal diet supplemented with Bacillus subtilis(B group,the addition amount of Bacillus subtilis in the concentrate was 1011 CFU/kg,and the concentrate was fed based on the body weight of 1.5%).The results showed that Bacillus subtilis supplementation significantly increased the average body weight gain of weaned donkey foals from days 1 to 30(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in growth performance between groups from days 31 to 60(P>0.05).Diets supplemented with Bacillus subtilis significantly increased the ether extract apparent digestibility(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of dry mater,crud protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber(P>0.05).The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes of group B was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at the bacterial genus level(P>0.05).However,the two donkey foals with high relative abundance of Proteobacteria had higher relative abundance of Acinetobacter of group A,reaching 34.35%to 48.12%.Overall,Bacillus subtilis supplementation can improve daily body weight gain,ether extract apparent digestibility and Bacteroidetes relative abundance of donkey foals at the early weaning stage,and has a certain probiotic effect on the growth performance of donkey foals.

关 键 词：断奶驴驹 枯草芽孢杆菌 生长性能 营养物质表观消化率 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S822[农业科学—畜牧学]