基于多源数据的特大城市空间结构识别及空间形态研究  

Research on Spatial Structure Identification and Spatial Morphology of Megalopolis Based on Multi-source Data

作　　者：吴启倩 钱乐祥[1] 吴志峰[1] WU Qiqian;QIAN Lexiang;WU Zhifeng(School of Geography&Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学与遥感学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《地理信息世界》2020年第5期32-38,共7页Geomatics World

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2100702);NSFC-广东联合基金项目(U1901219)资助。

摘　　要：城市空间结构识别是城市规划和城市资源空间优化的一项重要手段和基础性工作,通过多要素集聚规律反映的城市空间形态还需进一步深入理解。利用人口密度、关注点和夜间灯光数据等多源数据,通过叠加分析、局部等值线树算法来识别北京、上海、广州和深圳的城市空间结构,探讨不同城市要素的空间集聚形态,利用多项指标衡量城市中心和新城的城市空间形态发展,旨在将不同的城市空间结构进行对比。结果表明:①通过空间要素的集散形态分析,北京、上海和广州仍是以主城区为主导的城市空间结构,深圳外围城区的组团结构得到明显发育,呈现多中心主导的模式。②广州城市中心发展相对均衡,紧凑度高;深圳城市中心发展出现明显差异化,城市中心向西扩张,导致紧凑度降低。③各城市的新城均衡度均较高,各城市内部中心之间的要素集聚水平差异小。延伸度大于2的新城空间形态有显著的城市中心指向性,多数新城的延伸方向依附于道路或城市轨道交通发展。④自然条件和交通网络均是影响城市空间形态的重要因素。The identification of urban spatial structure is one of the key components of urban planning and urban resource optimization.There is still a lack of understanding on urban form using element-based agglomeration.In this article,the spatial structure of megalopolis including Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Shenzhen are explored based on multisource data such as population density,POI(Point of Interest),and nighttime light data.The approaches of overlay analysis and localized contour tree are involved to explore the spatial clustering of diverse elements.A comparison of the spatial extension of center and new towns is carried out using various indicators.Results show that:①The spatial structures of megalopolis like Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou are still primarily lead by main city zone,while the peripheral areas of Shenzhen developes to be agglomerations and makes Shenzhen a polycentric city.②The spatial distribution of urban centers of Guangzhou is relatively even and compact.In contrast,the development degrees of urban centers of Shenzhen.③All the new towns of the four megalopolises show high degrees of spatial equilibrium.The degrees of the spatial clustering of urban inner centers for all the four cities are very similar.New towns with values of elongatedness higher than two are more likely to be adjacent to urban centers,while a majority of new towns spread along streets or rail traffic.④Both geographical environment and transportation network influence urban form significantly.

关 键 词：城市空间结构 城市空间形态 人口密度 关注点 VANUI 

分 类 号：TU98[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]