海外华侨华人史料搜集和田野考察  

Collection and Field Research of Overseas Chinese Historical Materials

作　　者：袁丁[1] YUAN Ding(Department of History,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2020年第5期6-12,共7页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学特别委托项目:“世界视野下的广东近代移民潮”(项目编号:GD13TW01-1)。

摘　　要：海外保存的华侨华人史料多种多样,除了常见的华文报刊、华社公开出版物外,更有政府官方档案、私人文献、社团史料,以及博物馆、图书馆收藏资料等。就史料价值而言,海外华侨华人社团史料是相关史料的富矿。举凡会员登记、来往账目、会议记录、祭祀和对外交往的记录,附属机构如不动产、学校、医院、坟山、寺庙、养老院等的相关记录等等,这些文献史料因为详细记录了清代以来海外华侨华人的各类社团(包括秘密会社)的活动、会员的成份、活动的内容、领导层的选举和变动、包括产业会费募捐等社团内部资金的来源与去向,弥足珍贵。各国政府档案通常包括政府相关法律法规、行政公告、人口统计、商业调查、法院案件、华侨华人与当地政府来往信函,以及当地政府搜集的各类华侨华人信息,和政府内部对华侨华人各类事务的讨论会商,等等。其史料因政府的权威性具备极高的价值,常常是诠释历史的关键论据,因此是海外华侨华人史料中极具参考价值的一手文献。华侨华人的私人文书包括书信、账本、族谱、原始商业单据、各类国债、“口供纸”、各类证件等等,可以与政府档案、华社文献互证,拓展相关研究领域。There are many kinds of historical materials of overseas Chinese preserved overseas.Besides the common Chinese newspapers and publications of overseas Chinese associations,there are also official government archives,private documents,historical materials of overseas Chinese associations,as well as materials collected by museums and libraries.As far as the historical value is concerned,the historical materials of overseas Chinese associations are rich mines of relevant historical materials.These documents and historical materials,such as membership registration,correspondence accounts,minutes of meetings,records of rituals and external exchanges,records of affiliated institutions(such as real estate,schools,hospitals,cemeteries,temples,nursing homes,etc.),are truly valuable because they record in detail the activities of various overseas Chinese associations(including secret societies),membership composition,content of activities,elections and changes of leadership,including the source and destination of the internal funds of the community(such as industry dues and donations)since the Qing Dynasty.Government archives usually include relevant government laws and regulations,administrative announcements,demographics,business investigations,court cases,correspondence between overseas Chinese and local governments,as well as various types of information collected by local governments on overseas Chinese,and discussions within the government on various matters of overseas Chinese,etc.Because of the authority of the government,its historical materials are of high value and are often the key arguments for the interpretation of history,so they are very valuable first-hand references among overseas Chinese historical materials.The private documents of overseas Chinese,which include letters,account books,genealogical records,original commercial documents,various types of national debt,“confession paper”,various types of certificates and so on,can be cross-checked with government archives and documents of overseas Chines

关 键 词：华侨华人史 政府档案 华社史料 私人文书 

分 类 号：K05[历史地理—历史学]