自杀未遂者自杀危险因素间的路径分析  

Path analysis on suicide risk factors in suicide attempters

作　　者：董佳妮 周蝶 付旭 吴佳栗 毕波[2,5] DONG Jia-ni;ZHOU Die;FU Xu;WU Jia-li;BI Bo(Quzhou College of Technology,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州职业技术学院,324000 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院 [3]成都市第四人民医院老年精神科 [4]抚顺市第五人民医院心理科 [5]中山大学附属第八医院临床心理科

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2020年第5期316-320,共5页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：国家自然基金青年科学基金项目(81301178);福田区卫生公益性科研项目(FTWS2018054)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨自杀未遂者自杀危险因素的相互关系。方法:采用美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版修订版临床定式访谈(SCID)对202例自杀未遂者进行精神疾病诊断;采用自编问卷、Beck自杀意念量表(SSI)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、Barratt冲动性人格量表第11版(BIS)及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对其进行调查和评估。使用相关分析和路径分析对自杀未遂者自杀风险的影响因素进行分析。结果:自杀未遂者自杀风险与患有精神疾病、抑郁情绪和自杀意念强度呈正相关,与工作状况、冲动性人格、内外倾得分呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。路径分析结果显示,自杀意念强度和抑郁情绪是自杀风险的直接影响因素,抑郁情绪也可通过自杀意念强度间接影响自杀风险(P均<0.05)。冲动性人格和神经质人格可通过精神疾病、抑郁情绪以及自杀意念强度间接影响自杀风险;内外倾和神经质人格可通过抑郁情绪和自杀意念强度间接影响自杀风险(P均<0.05)。结论:自杀未遂者的自杀风险最可能受抑郁情绪和自杀意念强度影响,精神疾病和人格特质也可间接影响自杀风险。Objective:To explore the correlation of suicide risk factors among suicide attempters.Method:The Structured Clinical Interview for the 4th edition of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(SCID)was used to diagnose 202 suicide attempters.Questionnaire survey,Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale(SSI),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17),Barratt Impulsive Personality Scale version 11(BIS)and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)were used for investigation and evaluation.Correlation analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of suicide risk of suicide attempters.Results:Suicidal risk of suicide attempters was positively correlated with mental illness,depression and suicidal ideation intensity,and negatively correlated with work status,impulsive personality,and extroversion scores(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Path analysis showed that suicidal ideation intensity and depression were the direct influencing factors of suicide risk;at the same time,depression emotion could also influence suicide risk indirectly through suicidal ideation(all P<0.05).Impulsive personality and neurotic personality can indirectly affect suicide risk through mental illness,depression and the intensity of suicidal ideation;internal and external extroversion and neurotic personality can influence suicide risk indirectly through depression and suicidal ideation(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The suicide risk of suicide attempters is most likely to be affected by depression and suicidal ideation.Mental illness and personality factors can also indirectly affect suicide risk.

关 键 词：自杀风险 自杀未遂 自杀意念 路径分析 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]