油田聚合物驱污水滤床结构和过滤效能特性研究  

Structure and filtration performance of filter bed for oilfield polymer flooding sewage treatment

作　　者：孙超 赵宇 马骏 何亚其 李可 于忠臣[2] 尹鹏 SUN Chao;ZHAO Yu;MA Jun;HE Ya-qi;LI Ke;YU Zhong-chen;YIN Peng(Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation,Tianjin 300452,China;School of Civil Architecture Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;CNOOC Ener.Tech.Drilling&Production Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300452,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300452 [2]东北石油大学土木建筑工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [3]中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司,天津300452

出　　处：《工业用水与废水》2020年第5期45-49,57,共6页Industrial Water & Wastewater

基　　金：中国石油科技创新基金项目(2016D-5007-0604);黑龙江省科技厅应用技术研究与开发计划项目(Gc13c305);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541062);黑龙江省高校科技成果产业化前期研发培育项目(1254CGZH12);中石油和化学工业联合会科技指导计划项目(2014-01-07)。

摘　　要：为解决油田聚合物驱污水过滤效率低的问题,基于核桃壳滤料优良的除油性能,建立核桃壳/石英砂新型滤床结构。考察了滤层厚度L、滤料粒径D、L/D值、过滤速度及其耦合作用等因素对过滤效能的影响规律。结果表明:L/D值对滤床过滤效能影响最大,过滤速度和滤料粒径影响次之,且过滤速度对过滤效能影响呈线性递减规律;小粒径滤床结构临界厚度最小值为650 mm,大粒径滤床结构要满足L/D=1000临界条件;增加核桃壳滤层厚度有利于提高油去除效率,增加石英砂滤层厚度有利于提高悬浮物去除效率。采用核桃壳和石英砂构建双滤床,当核桃壳滤层L=950 mm和D=0.80~1.20 mm,石英砂滤层L=750 mm和D=0.30~0.50 mm时,对聚合物浓度具有较好适应性,聚合物质量浓度为350~400 mg/L和过滤速度为12 m/h时,油和悬浮物去除率分别为94.3%和78.3%以上,其过滤精度为2.0μm以上颗粒去除率为100.0%,1.0μm以上颗粒去除率为98.1%。To solve the problem of low filtration efficiency of oilfield polymer flooding sewage,a new walnut shell/quartz sand filter bed was established based on the excellent oil removal performance of walnut shell media.The rule of filtering layer thickness L,filter media particle size D,L/D value,filtration speed,coupling performance and some other factors influencing filtration effect was investigated.The results showed that,L/D value had the greatest influence on filter bed filtration efficneicny,the filtration speed and particle size of the media had secondary importance,and the effect of filtration speed on filtration efficiency showed linear decreasing.The minimum critical thickness of the filtration bed with smaller media size was 650 mm,and the critical condition of L/D=1000 should be meet for the filtration bed with larger media size.Increasing the thickness of the walnut shell filtering layer was beneficial to improving oil removal efficiency,and increasing the thickness of quartz sand filtering layer was conducive to improving the removal efficneicy of suspended solids(SS).Using walnut shell and quartz sand to construct dual-media filter bed,when the L and D of the walnut shell filtering layer were 950 and 0.18-1.20 mm respectively,the corresponding values of the quartz sand filtering layer were 750 and 0.30-0.50 mm respectively,the said dual-media filter bed had good adaptability to polymer flooding concentration.Under the condition that the polymer mass concentration was 350-400 mg/L,the filtration speed was 12 m/h,the removal rates of oil and suspended solid were above 94.3%and 78.3%respectively,the removal rates of particles with size above 2.0 and 1.0μm were 100%and 98.1%respectively.

关 键 词：含油污水 深床过滤 动态反冲洗 粒度分布 核桃壳 石英砂 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X741