含碳与含硫物料对内陆苏打盐化土的改良效果研究  

Improving effects of different carbon and sulphur-containing amendments on inland soda saline soil

作　　者：黄高鉴 王琼 张强[4] 杨治平 王斌[1,2] HUANG Gao-jian;WANG Qiong;ZHANG Qiang;YANG Zhi-ping;WANG Bin(College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu Shanxi 030801;Institute of Agricultural Environment&Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land,Beijing 100081;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西太原030031 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京100081 [4]山西农业大学,山西太原030031

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第5期169-174,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：山西省财政支农项目(2014NCYS-13);2017年山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YGG17040);国家绿肥产业技术体系晋北综合试验站(CARS-22-Z-03);院农业科技创新研究课题-雁门关农牧交错带专项(YCX2020109)。

摘　　要：为探明含碳与含硫改良物料对苏打盐化土的改良效果,利用含硫物料硫酸亚铁(FeSO_4)、硫酸铝Al_2(SO_4)_3和含碳物料[腐植酸改良剂(DS-1997)、风化煤]作为改良材料,采用田间定位试验,研究苏打盐化土在施用不同改良物料条件下土壤pH值、EC值、ESP值、土壤盐基离子、土壤养分的变化规律,以及饲草玉米对土壤改良效果的响应。结果显示,4种物料均能较对照(CK)显著降低土壤pH值、ESP值,交换性Na+和水溶性Na+含量,分别降低了2.87%~5.39%、38.72%~75.21%、52.33%~78.14%和89.54%~96.61%,均以风化煤处理降低幅度最大。施用风化煤和DS-1997能显著提高土壤有机质和有效磷含量,风化煤处理较CK分别提高了88.51%和38.70%,DS-1997处理较CK分别提高了63.18%和33.33%(P<0.05)。各改良物料均可显著改善玉米生物性状,但各改良剂处理间无显著性差异。综合分析,风化煤在苏打盐化土中改良效果最好,可作为内陆苏打盐化土的最佳改良物料。Aimed at screening effective soil amendments to the soda saline soil,a stationary experiment was carried out in the field.FeSO4,Al2(SO4)3,weathered coal and humic acid amendment(DS-1997)were applied to study the effects of different soil amendments on maize biomass,soil pH,EC,ESP value,soil salt and nutrient contains,in contrast no soil amendment was applied.The results showed that,compared with CK treatment,the application of the four amendments significantly decreased soil pH,ESP value,the contents of exchange Na+and water soluble Na+contents by 2.87%~5.39%,38.72%~75.21%,52.33%~78.14%and 89.54%~96.61%,respectively,all of them showed the greatest decrease with weathered coal.Soil organic matter and Olsen-P contents showed significantly increase with the application of weathered coal and DS-1997.Compared with CK treatment,the SOM and Olsen-P contents increased by 88.51%and 38.70%in weathered coal,by 63.18%and 33.33%in DS-1997(P<0.05).Different amendments could improve maize biological characteristics,there were no significant differences among four amendments,compared with CK treatment.In summary,the application of weathered coal could significantly improve soda salinized soil,by decreasing soil pH and ESP values,improving soil salt composition,increasing soil nutrient content and maize yield.

关 键 词：苏打盐化土 改良物料 改良利用 土壤化学性状 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]