桶栽条件下冬小麦产量的连旱效应  

Effect of continuous drought on winter wheat yield in pot planting

作　　者：李道西 楼睿焘 李彦彬 边泽鹏 朱亚南 LI Daoxi;LOU Ruitao;LI Yanbin;BIAN Zepeng;ZHU Yanan(School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China;Changshu River Management Office, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450000 [2]常熟市河道管理处,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2020年第10期1051-1056,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779093);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(17IRTSTHN026)。

摘　　要：为了研究连续干旱对冬小麦产量的影响,以冬小麦品种“矮抗58”为试验材料,通过桶栽试验,在冬小麦的拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期分别设置轻度干旱、中度干旱、重度干旱,分别对应土壤含水率控制在田间持水率的60%~70%,50%~60%,40%~50%.试验设置了单阶段受旱9个、两阶段连旱6个,三阶段连旱4个,试验对照1个,共计20个试验处理.研究结果表明,单旱条件下,拔节期减产最明显,抽穗期其次;拔节期轻旱、中旱和重旱分别减产4.08%,21.71%和36.73%.两阶段连旱条件下,拔节期和抽穗期连续中旱对产量影响最大,减产率达28.42%;抽穗期和灌浆期连续中旱对产量影响相对较小.三阶段连旱条件下,连续轻旱减产不明显,连续中旱和重旱分别减产24.96%,53.99%.总体上,拔节期是冬小麦的需水关键期,中旱及以上水平就会引起显著减产;相反,水资源紧缺条件下,抽穗期和灌浆期可以适当中旱,甚至重旱,对产量影响较小.In order to study the effect of continuous drought on winter wheat yield,the winter wheat variety"Aikang 58"was used as the experimental material.Through the pot experiment,mild drought,moderate drought and severe drought were set respectively in the jointing stage,heading stage and filling stage of winter wheat,and the soil moisture content was controlled at 60%to 70%,50%to 60%,and 40%to 50%of the field water holding capacity,respectively.In the experiment,there were 9 single-stage droughts,6 two-stage droughts,4 three-stage droughts,and 1 test control,totaling 20 trials.The results showed that under single drought conditions,the yield reduction was most obvious in the jointing stage,followed by the heading stage;light drought,moderate drought and heavy drought in the jointing stage decreased the wheat yield by 4.08%,21.71%and 36.73%,respectively.Under the two-stage continuous drought condition,the continuous moderate drought in the jointing and heading stages had the greatest impact on the yield,and the yield reduction was 28.42%;the continuous mo-derate drought in the heading stage and the filling stage had a relatively small impact on the yield.Under the three-stage continuous drought conditions,continuous light drought and didn′t have obvious inf-luence on the reduction of the field,and continuous moderate drought and severe drought decreased the wheat yield by 24.96%and 53.99%,respectively.In general,the jointing stage is the critical period of water demand for winter wheat.The level of moderate drought and above will cause significant reduction of the yield.On the contrary,under the condition of water shortage,moderate or even severe drought can be applied in the heading and filling stages,which has little effect on the yield.

关 键 词：冬小麦 水分胁迫 桶栽试验 连续干旱 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]