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作 者:于海情 许敏鹏[1,2] 万柏坤 明东[1,2] YU Hai-Qing;XU Min-Peng;WAN Bai-Kun;MING Dong(School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Institute of Medical Engineering&Translatiorial Medicine,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
机构地区:[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学医学工程与转化医学研究院,天津300072
出 处:《生物化学与生物物理进展》2020年第10期1056-1068,共13页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
基 金:国家自然科学基金(81601565,81630051)资助项目。
摘 要:解码大脑在语音处理过程中涉及的信息加工层级结构、皮质响应机制及功能连接模式,是神经语言学领域的研究重点.以语音信息加工时序为依据,可将该认知过程划分为:初级声学信号时频编码(spectrotemporal analysis of primary acoustic signals)、音素处理(phonemic processing)以及词汇-语义加工(lexical-semantic processing)3个处理阶段.目前,研究者已对各阶段的神经机制进行了广泛且深入的研究,但不同模型理论/假说难以整合互补,有必要进行梳理与总结.本文将以大脑处理语音信息的3个阶段为主线,以电生理学方法为侧重范式,对各阶段下的皮质映射、神经振荡模式以及事件相关响应机制等神经基础研究现状进行总结评述,以期为进一步了解语音信号如何在人脑中进行处理和表达等相关研究提供一定的参考.The investigation into neural basis ofspeech processing,including distributed hierarchical organization,neural mechanisms,and functional connectivity of brain,stands in the central of neurolinguistic research.In line with the sequence of speech processing,it can be subdivided into three processing stages:spectrotemporal analysis of primary acoustic signals,phonemic processing,and lexical-semantic processing.Despite underlying neural mechanisms of these stages have been investigated extensively and intensively,it appears that there are still inconsistencies and controversies between different model theories/hypotheses.Consequently,it is crucial to sort out and summarize them.The present review takes the three speech processing stages of the brain as the main line and reviews the research status of neurological mechanism under each stage,covers cortical mapping,neural oscillations,and event-related potential characteristics.Of note,this review focuses more on observations based on the electrophysiological approaches.We aiming to synthesize the latest findings of this field and provide new insights for understanding how speech signals are represented and processed in the human brain.
关 键 词:语音处理 神经电生理学 初级声学信号时频编码 音素处理 词汇-语义加工
分 类 号:R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程] Q189[医药卫生—基础医学]
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