浒苔绿潮对青岛近岸潮间带底栖动物群落的生态效应  

Ecological Effects of Ulva prolifera Green Tide on Zoobenthos in Qingdao Intertidal Area

作　　者：曲同飞 侯承宗 于子山[1] 王影[1] 唐学玺[1] QU Tong-Fei;HOU Cheng-Zong;YU Zi-Shan;WANG Ying;TANG Xue-Xi(College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第12期59-69,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFC1402102);国家自然科学基金项目(41706121,41906120)资助。

摘　　要：本文以青岛近岸潮间带底栖动物群落作为研究对象,分析了底栖动物群落结构和生物功能群在浒苔绿潮暴发不同时期的变化,初步阐明了浒苔绿潮暴发对青岛近岸潮间带底栖动物群落的生态效应。结果表明:浒苔绿潮暴发会导致青岛近岸底栖环境溶解氧、叶绿素a和有机质含量等环境因子发生改变,底栖环境在绿潮暴发前期和暴发期整体清洁,在消亡期处于轻度污染扰动;底栖动物群落丰度、生物量和多样性在浒苔绿潮暴发期升高,在消亡期降低;滤食性、杂食性和沉积食性功能群在绿潮暴发前期和暴发期占据群落优势,沉积食性、植食性和环境指示生物功能群在消亡期占据群落优势。浒苔绿潮暴发及其带来的生源要素变化导致底栖动物功能群的群落优势发生改变,进而会对近岸底栖环境生源物质循环的稳定、深层沉积环境理化性质以及其他生物类群生长产生影响。In this research,the ecological effect of Ulva prolifera green tide was preliminarily elucidated by studying the changes of zoobenthos community structure and biofunctional groups in Qingdao intertidal zone during different stages of the green tide.The main results were as follows 1.The outbreak of U.prolifera green tide led to the changes of environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen,chlorophyll a and organic matter in benthic environment and affected the zoobenthos community structure;2.Abundance,biomass and diversity of zoobenthos community increased in the outbreak stage of green tide and decreased in the extinction stage.Benthic environment was clean in the outbreak stage and pre-outbreak stage of green tide,but lightly polluted in the extinction stage;3.Filter-feeding,omnivorous,and deposit-feeding biofunctional groups were dominant in pre-outbreak stage and outbreak stage of green tide,Deposit-feeding,phytophagous,and environmental-indicator biofunctional groups were dominant in extinction stage of green tide.Outbreak of green tide changed the dominance of biofunctional groups,and then affected the stability of biogenic substance circulation,physic-chemical properties of deep sedimentary environment,and the growth of other biological groups.

关 键 词：浒苔绿潮 底栖动物 生态效应 群落结构 生物功能群 

分 类 号：Q178.14[生物学—水生生物学]