“观念的秩序”:“意识形态”概念的分歧、嬗变与马克思主义重构  

“Order of Ideas”:Differences,Transmutation and Reconstruction of the Concept of“Ideology”

作　　者：杨章文 YANG Zhang-wen

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学马克思主义学院,上海200241

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期10-24,共15页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的重要论述研究”(18JZD008);江西省高校人文社科思政专项项目“意识形态安全视阈下新时代大学生红色文化认同培育研究”(SZZX1951)。

摘　　要：作为哲学社会科学领域的重要话题之一,从德斯杜特·德·特拉西、卡尔·马克思、卡尔·曼海姆、尤尔根·哈贝马斯到斯拉沃热·齐泽克,意识形态问题一直都备受关注,但在马克思之后,"意识形态"概念在学界有着较大分殊。从唯物史观来看,意识形态概念具有"因时因地"的特征,且蕴含其中的"合规律性-普遍性-有效性-技术性"的内在逻辑需得到普遍遵循,并可将其阐述为一种"观念的秩序"。对"意识形态概念"性质和要素的重构,将有助于坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,抵御西方非马克思主义"虚假意识"的侵袭以及"学深悟透用好"马克思主义阶级理论,从而为新时代中国特色社会主义意识形态话语体系的有序建构提供理论指导和实践依循。As one of the important topics in the field of philosophy and social science,ideological issues have been attracting much attention from Antoine Distutt de Tracy,Karl Marx,Karl Mannheim,Jürgen Habermas and Slavoj Zizek.However,the concept of“Ideology”in the academic circle has great differences after Marx.From the perspective of materialist history,the concept of ideology has the characteristics of“adjust measures to local conditions”The inherent logic of“regularity-universality-validity-technicality”contained therein,which can be elaborated as a“order of ideas”,requires general abidance.The reconstruction of the nature and elements of the“ideological concept”will help to adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field,to resist the invasion of Western non-Marxist,to learn deeply,understand thoroughly and make good use of Marxist class theory,thus providing theoretical guidance and practical guidance for the orderly construction of socialist ideological discourse system with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

关 键 词：意识形态 马克思 知识社会学 科学技术 社会存在 

分 类 号：B022[哲学宗教—哲学理论]