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作 者:黄天弘 Huang Tianhong
机构地区:[1]郑州轻工业大学马克思主义学院 [2]郑州轻工业大学新时代思想政治教育研究中心,郑州450000
出 处:《中州学刊》2020年第9期62-67,共6页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基 金:河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“农村土地经营权流转环境规制研究”(2019BFX002)。
摘 要:户籍制度改革、农民职业分化与城乡融合发展进程息息相关,三者在促进人口流动、新型城镇化发展、公共资源合理配置方面具有较强的内在关联性。近年来,尽管国家出台了一系列文件推进户籍制度改革,但总体来看,户籍制度改革任务还未完全完成。城乡二元户籍制度还在很大程度上影响着人力资源在城乡间的合理流动,不利于农民进城务工或非农居民下乡务农的职业转化,已成为影响农民职业分化的重要体制性障碍。深化户籍制度改革不能单靠地方政府的政策性推动,还需要以农村土地制度三权分置改革为契机,以推动城乡基本公共服务均等化为抓手,进行一系列体制机制创新,尤其是要在城乡融合发展视域下构建户籍制度改革与农民职业分化良性互动的机制。一方面要通过保障职业农民市场经营权利推动职业农民队伍发展壮大,实现城乡人口的双向流动、反向流动,减少户籍制度改革的压力;另一方面要通过户籍制度改革消除以户籍配置社会公共资源的弊端,保障进城务工农民和返乡新型职业农民的权益,促进农民在各产业之间自由流动。The reform of household registration system and the professional differentiation of farmers are closely related to the process of urban-rural integration development.The three have strong internal correlation in promoting population flow,new urbanization development and rational allocation of public resources.In recent years,although the state has issued a series of documents to promote the reform of the household registration system,on the whole,the task of household registration system reform has not been completed.The dual household registration system in urban and rural areas also affects the reasonable flow of human resources between urban and rural areas to a great extent,which is not conducive to the occupation transformation of farmers working in cities or non-agricultural residents working in the countryside.And it has become an important institutional obstacle affecting the professional differentiation of farmers.Deepening the reform of household registration system can not only rely on the policy driven by local government,but also need to take the reform of rural land system with three powers as an opportunity and promote the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas as the starting point to carry out a series of system and mechanism innovation,especially to build a positive interaction mechanism between household registration system reform and farmers′professional differentiation in the perspective of urban-rural integration development.On the one hand,it is necessary to promote the development and growth of professional farmers through the protection of market operation rights of professional farmers,realize the two-way and reverse flow of urban and rural population,and reduce the pressure of household registration system reform;on the other hand,we should eliminate the malpractice of allocating social public resources with household registration through the reform of household registration system,so as to ensure the rights and interests of migrant farmers and returning new pr
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