青少年女子举重运动员腰骶关节的有限元建模及椎间盘生物力学分析  

Finite Element Modeling of Lumbosacral Joint and Biomechanical Analysis of Intervertebral Disc in Teenage FemaleWeightlifters

作　　者：吉彦廷 宋雅伟 李森[1] JI Yanting;SONG Yawei;LI sen(National Physical Fitness Research Center,Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science,Nanjing 210046,China;Department of Sports and Health,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China;Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省体育科学研究所国民体质研究中心,江苏南京210046 [2]南京体育学院运动健康学院,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏省运动与健康工程协同创新中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《体育学研究》2020年第5期76-86,共11页Journal of Sports Research

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目:女子举重运动员腰骶关节生物力学建模与仿真研究(16KJA310004)。

摘　　要：目的:尝试通过三维有限元建模及生物力学分析的方法,找出青少年女子举重运动员的损伤原因,为教练员和队医更具针对性地进行损伤预防及提升康复效率提供理论依据。方法:选取江苏省一线青少年女子举重运动员1名,通过CT图像文件进行腰骶关节模型重建。建立更加精细且具有解剖学特征和生物力学特点的腰骶关节有限元模型。结果:青少年女子举重运动员腰骶关节受轴向载荷时,L5上缘和椎间盘前部出现明显形变,最大形变量为5.44 mm,椎体上表面和骶骨耳状面为主要受力部位;椎间盘的Von-Mises应力传递方向由右后方向左侧递增,应力集中点出现在纤维环侧后方。结论:青少年女子举重运动员腰骶关节受轴向载荷时,椎体上表面和骶骨耳状面为主要受力部位;椎间盘前部受挤压出现明显形变,同时其左侧中后部有明显的应力集中现象。这提示椎间盘后侧方可能因为长期应力集中而致使运动员出现下腰痛甚至椎间盘后侧部纤维环出现破裂。Objective:To try to find out the injury causes of young female weightlifters by means of three-dimensional finite element modeling and biomechanical analysis,so as to provide theoretical basis for coaches and team doctors to carry out injury prevention and improve rehabilitation efficiency more specifically.Methods:A first-class young female weightlifter from Jiangsu province was selected to perform three-dimensional finite element modeling of the lumbosacral joint through CT image files.A more detailed finite element model of the lumbosacral joint with anatomical and biomechanical characteristics was established.Results:It was found that when the lumbosacral joint was subjected to axial load,the upper margin of L5 and the front of the intervertebral disc had obvious deformation,and the maximum shape variable was 5.44mm.The upper surface of the vertebral body and the auricular surface of the sacrum were the main stress positions.The transmission direction of Von-Mises stress increased from the right back to the left with stress concentration on the lateral posterior aspect of the annulus.Conclusion:The upper surface of the vertebral body and the auricular surface of the sacrum were the main stress sites when the lumbosacral joint was subjected to axial load.The compressive deformation of the anterior intervertebral disc was obvious,and the stress concentration in the left middle and posterior intervertebral disc was obvious.This suggests that long-term stress concentration on the posterior side of the disc may lead to low back pain or even rupture of the posterior annulus of the disc.

关 键 词：女子举重运动员 腰骶关节 有限元建模 有限元分析 生物力学 

分 类 号：G884[文化科学—体育训练] G804.6[文化科学—体育学]