累积风险评估方法在5种植物类中药材中铅和镉联合暴露评估中的应用  

Application of Cumulative Risk Assessment on Combined Exposure of Lead and Cadmium in 5 Types of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines

作　　者：左甜甜 申明睿 金红宇[1] 聂晶 刘永利 张磊 李静[1] 石上梅[2] 马双成[1] Zuo Tiantian;Shen Mingrui;Jin Hongyu;Nie Jing;Liu Yongli;Zhang Lei;Li Jing;Shi Shangmei;Ma Shuangcheng(National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijingl00050,China;Chinese1 Pharmacopoeia Commission,Beijing 100061,China;Hubei Institute for Drug Consol,Wuhan 430075,China;Hebei Institute for Drug Control,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国食品药品检定研究院,北京100050 [2]国家药典委员会,北京100061 [3]湖北省药品监督检验研究院,武汉430075 [4]河北省药品检验研究院,石家庄050011 [5]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022

出　　处：《中国药事》2020年第9期1020-1027,共8页Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs

摘　　要：目的:利用中药材中铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)的残留量数据,探索不同累积风险评估方法在评估中药外源性有害残留物联合暴露风险中的应用。方法:以5种植物类中药材中Pb和Cd的残留量专项监测数据为基础,计算暴露量。并通过文献检索,获得Pb和Cd的相关毒理学参数。根据分级评估的原则,分别采用危害指数(HI)法、靶器官毒性剂量(TTD)法和证据权重(WOE)法等3种累积风险评估方法,评估5种植物类中药材中Pb和Cd联合暴露的健康风险。结果:HI法的评估结果表明,艾叶、车前草和黄连的HI值大于1。TTD法的评估结果表明,Pb和Cd的联合暴露对于神经系统和肾脏来说,艾叶、车前草、黄连、金银花的HI值>1;对于心血管和血液来说,艾叶、车前草、黄连的HI值>1。而WOE法的评估结果则表明,Pb和Cd的联合暴露对于心血管、神经系统和睾丸来说,艾叶、车前草、黄连、金银花的HI值大于1;对于血液来说,艾叶的HI值大于1;对于肾脏来说,艾叶、车前草、黄连的HI值大于1。结论:本研究首次建立了中药中铅和镉元素的分级别的累积评估模型。该评估模型的建立,为中药中重金属及有害元素的风险评估打开新的思路,为制定更加科学的限量标准提供技术支撑。Objective:To explore the application of different cumulative risk assessment methods in evaluating risk of combined exposure of exogenous harmful residues in traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)based on the contents of lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)in TCMs.Method:Based on the monitoring data of lead and cadmium contents in 5 types of traditional Chinese herbal medicines,the exposure dosage was calculated.The toxicological parameters of lead and cadmium were obtained by literature review.According to the principle of grading assessment,three cumulative risk assessment methods,namely hazard index(HI),target organ toxicity dose(TTD)and weight of evidence(WOE),were used to assess the health risk of combined exposure of lead and cadmium in 5 types of traditional Chinese herbal medicines.Results:The results of HI method showed that the HI values for Artemisia argyi LevL et Vant.,Plantago asiatica L.,and Coptis chinensis Franch were greater than 1.The results of TTD method exhibited that for the combined exposure of Pb and Cd in the nervous system and kidney,the HI values of Artemisia argyi LevL et Vant.,Plantago asiatica L.,Coptis chinensis Franch and Lonicera japonica Thunb were more than 1.For the cardiovascular system and blood,the HI values of Artemisia argyi LevL et Vant.,Plantago asiatica L.,Coptis chinensis Franch were more than 1.The results of WOE method demonstrated that for cardiovascular system,nervous system,and testis,the HI values of Artemisia argyi Lev L et Vant.,Plantago asiatica L.,Coptis chinensis Franch and Lonicera japonica Thunb were greater than 1.For blood,the HI value of Artemisia argyi LevL et Vant.was were greater than 1.For kidney,the HI values of Artemisia argyi LevL et Vant.,Plantago asiatica L.,and Coptis chinensis Franch were greater than 1.Conclusion:For the first time the study establishes the grading cumulative assessment models for the evaluation of Pb and Cd in TCMs.The established assessment model paves a new way for risk assessment of heavy metals and harmful elements in TCMs and provides

关 键 词：铅 镉 植物药 联合暴露 累积风险评估 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]