钙信号在调节干细胞迁移中的作用及机制研究现状  

Current research on the role and mechanism of action of calcium signal in regulating stem cell migration

作　　者：卫潇玉(综述) 杨艳(审校) WEI Xiaoyu;YANG Yan(Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Institute of Cardiovascular Research,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学心血管医学研究所医学电生理学教育部和四川省重点实验室、四川省心血管疾病防治协同创新中心,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《西南医科大学学报》2020年第5期519-523,共5页Journal of Southwest Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31972909,81173661);四川省心血管疾病防治协同创新中心资助项目(编号:xtcx2019-09);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2019YFH0174)。

摘　　要：钙离子(calcium ion,Ca^2+)作为第二信使,在调节包括干细胞迁移在内的许多生理过程中发挥重要作用。各种细胞外因子触发细胞内Ca2+水平升高,激活下游Ca2+依赖性信号分子调节细胞迁移。近年来荧光细胞钙成像技术使我们得以了解干细胞如何在细胞前缘发出Ca^2+脉冲,从细胞背面到正面保持胞内Ca^2+的浓度梯度,及如何恢复Ca2+耗竭等细胞爬行机制。另外,关于细胞外因子触发研究中,有关胞外腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)的研究认为,ATP可以激活细胞膜上的G蛋白偶联受体P2受体,可因与Gα亚基和下游信号通路耦合,从而激活Ga,q-PLC-IP3R信号通路,(PIP2)转换成(IP3)和(DAG),IP3受体活化进而从内质网中释放Ca2+,激活PKC-ERK1/2信号通路等。对局部钙信号、Ca^2+转运蛋白的相互作用等干细胞迁移调控机制的认识,可能为治疗有关疾病提供新的方向。As a second messenger,calcium ion(Ca^2+)plays an important role in regulating many physiological processes including stem cell migration.Various extracellular factors trigger an increase in intracellular Ca2+levels and activate the downstream Ca^2+-dependent signaling molecules to regulate cell migration.In recent years,calcium imaging technology has enabled us to understand the cell crawling mechanisms such as how stem cells send out Ca^2+pulses at the leading edge of the cell,maintain the intracellular Ca2+concentration gradient from the back to the front of the cell,and restore Ca^2+depletion.In addition,in terms of the studies of extracellular factor triggering,studies on extracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)reveal that ATP can activate the G protein-coupled receptor P2 receptor on the cell membrane,which can be coupled to the Gαsubunit(Gαq)and the downstream signaling pathways to activate the Gαq-PLC-IP3R signaling pathway so that PIP2 is converted to IP3 and DAG,IP3 receptor is activated,and then Ca^2+is released from the endoplasmic reticulum to activate the PKC-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.To understand the mechanism of stem cell migration and regulation such as local calcium signal and the interactions between Ca2+transport proteins may provide a new direction for the treatment of related diseases.

关 键 词：Ca^2+信号转导 Ga q-PLC-IP3R信号通路 PKC-ERK1/2信号通路 干细胞 细胞迁移 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]