敷设除冰碳纤维网的风机叶片雷击过电压防护  

Lightning Overvoltage Protection of Wind Turbine Blade Laid De⁃icing Carbon Fiber Net

作　　者：周歧斌 王振兴 史一泽 边晓燕 ZHOU Qibin;WANG Zhenxing;SHI Yize;BIAN Xiaoyan(School of Electric Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;School of Mechtronical Engineering and Automation,Automation Department,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力学院电气工程学院,上海200090 [2]上海大学机电工程与自动化学院自动化系,上海200433

出　　处：《高压电器》2020年第10期183-189,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：上海市科委科技创新项目(16020501000);上海市教育委员会“曙光计划”资助项目(15SG50)。

摘　　要：为解决风机叶片表面覆冰问题,风机叶片中敷设碳纤维网,发热融化覆冰。雷击叶片接闪器时,引下线与碳纤维网间叶片腔体发生击穿。为了研究敷设除冰碳纤维网的风机叶片在雷击时的击穿机理,文中运用ATP⁃EMTP建立了引下线与690 V碳纤维网供电回路模型,分析了雷击叶片时雷电流幅值、波头时间、SPD安装位置和数量、风机接地电阻对引下线与碳纤维网间过电压的影响,提出了等电位连接的雷电防护方式。研究表明:雷击发生时引下线与碳纤维网间的过电压差远远超出叶片内部空气间隙及电缆表层材料的绝缘强度。过电压差与雷电流幅值成正相关关系,当雷电流幅值不变时,过电压差随着雷电流波头时间的增大而迅速降低;过电压差随着SPD安装组数的增加显著降低,仿真得出SPD最优安装方式;未安装SPD时,随着接地电阻增大,暂态过电压略有下降;采用最优安装方式安装SPD时,即使风机接地电阻发生变化,引下线与碳纤维网间的过电压差值几乎不变。In order to solve the problem of icing on the surface of wind turbine blade,carbon fiber net laid in the wind turbine blade,heating and melting ice.When lightning strikes flash⁃grounding device on wind turbine blade,the blade cavity between the lead⁃down line and the carbon fiber net occurs breakdown.In order to study the break⁃down mechanism of wind turbine blades with de⁃icing carbon fiber net during lightning strike,in this paper,model and the model of 690 V power supply circuit are established by using ATP⁃EMTP.The lightning current amplitude,front time,SPD installation position and number,and grounding resistance of wind turbine are analyzed to calculate the transient overvoltage between lead⁃down line and carbon network when lightning strikes the blade.The lightning protection mode of equipotential connection is proposed.The results show that,when the lightning strikes occur,the voltage difference between lead⁃down line and carbon fiber net far exceeds the insulation strength of air gap inside the blade and the insulation strength of the cable surface material.Overvoltage difference is positively correlated with lightning current amplitude.When the lightning current amplitude is unchanged,the overvoltage difference decreas⁃es rapidly with the increase of front time.The overvoltage difference decreases significantly with the increase of SPD installation group,the optimal installation mode of SPD is obtained by simulation.When SPD is not installed,the transient overvoltage decreases slightly with the increase of grounding resistance;when SPD is installed with the opti⁃mal installation mode,even if the grounding resistance of the wind turbine changes,the difference of induced volt⁃age between the lead⁃down line and the carbon fiber net is almost unchanged.

关 键 词：碳纤维网 风机叶片 雷击 ATP⁃EMTP SPD 等电位连接 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机] TM863