不同类型有机肥配施氮肥对优质小麦产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Different Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of High Quality Wheat

作　　者：尚保华 姜兰芳 行翠平 SHANG Baohua;JIANG Lanfang;HANG Cuiping(Institute of Wheat,Shanxi Agricultural University,Linfen 041000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第10期1621-1624,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院优秀青年基金项目(YCX2020YQ56)。

摘　　要：通过探究不同类型有机肥配施氮肥对优质小麦产量和品质的影响,为优质小麦合理施肥提供参考依据。以强筋冬小麦品种晋麦95为材料,于2018—2019年在山西省临汾市进行田间试验,研究农家肥(FM)、普通有机肥(OF)、生物有机肥(BF)3种施肥配比和不施肥(空白对照)、单施尿素(TU100)、氮肥加倍(TU200)共15个处理对小麦产量、品质及氮肥偏生产力的影响。结果表明,配施农家肥的处理中,50%农家肥配施50%化肥(FM50)产量最高,较单施尿素增产6.58%,氮肥偏生产力提高6.57%;配施普通有机肥的处理中,75%普通有机肥配施25%化肥(OF75)产量最高,较单施尿素增产4.58%,氮肥偏生产力提高4.59%;配施生物有机肥的处理中,50%生物有机肥配施50%化肥(BF50)产量最高,较单施尿素增产7.00%,氮肥偏生产力提高5.98%,蛋白质含量提高8.0%,湿面筋含量提高8.7%,稳定时间提高43.8%。生物有机肥配施氮肥效果更佳,适当的配比(1∶1)可以同时提升优质小麦的产量和品质,提高氮肥偏生产力。The effects of different organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and quality of high quality wheat were studied to provide reference for rational fertilization of high quality wheat.Jinmai 95,a strong gluten winter wheat variety,was used as materials.A field experiment was conducted in Linfen city,Shanxi province from 2018 to 2019,to study the effects of different fertilization ratios of farmyard manure(FM),common organic fertilizer(OF)and bio organic fertilizer(BF)on wheat yield,quality and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer(NPP)under 15 treatments including no fertilization(blank control),single application of urea(TU100)and double nitrogen fertilizer(TU200).The results showed that the yield of 50%farmyard manure combined with 50%chemical fertilizer(FM50)was the highest,which was 6.58%higher than that of single application of urea,and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 6.57%.In the treatment of combined application of common organic fertilizer,the yield of 75%common organic fertilizer combined with 25%chemical fertilizer(OF75)was the highest,which was 4.58%higher than that of single application of urea,and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 4.59%.In the treatment of combined application of bio organic fertilizer,the yield of 50%bio organic fertilizer combined with 50%chemical fertilizer(BF50)was the highest,which was 7.00%higher than that single application of urea,the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 5.98%,protein content increased by 8.0%,wet gluten content increased by 8.7%,stabilization time increased by 43.8%.Therefore,the effect of bio organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer is better.The appropriate organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer(1∶1)can improve the yield and quality of high quality wheat at the same time,and improve the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：优质小麦 有机无机配施 生物有机肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]