施用不同改土物料后植烟土壤理化性状动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Physical and Chemical Properties of Tobacco-planting Soil after Applying Different Soil Improvement Materials

作　　者：孙军伟[1] 郭慧 危月辉 范志勇[1] 李江美 高文华 王天龙 邢凌云 杨惠娟[2] SUN Junwei;GUO Hui;WEI Yuehui;FAN Zhiyong;LI Jiangmei;GAO Wenhua;WANG Tianlong;XING Lingyun;YANG Huijuan(Dali Prefecture Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Dali 671000,China;College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Fujian Biofertilizer Enterprise,Xiamen 361001,China;Heqing County Branch of Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company,Heqing 671500,China;Yongping County Branch of Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company,Yongping 671600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450000 [3]福建省生物肥料企业工程技术研究中心,福建厦门361001 [4]大理州烟草公司鹤庆县分公司,云南鹤庆671500 [5]云南省大理州烟草公司永平县分公司,云南永平671600

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第10期1628-1633,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司大理州公司科研配套服务项目(2018532900200106)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出适宜的微生物菌肥应用于改良因长期连作、土壤过度使用等问题的云南省大理州植烟土壤,以常规施肥为对照,在此基础上通过选用不同改土物料(祥云管盛有机肥、弥渡国发有机肥、福建三炬固体菌肥、福建三炬液体菌肥)为不同施肥处理,研究其对土壤pH及其理化性状的影响。结果表明,施用改土物料后,植烟土壤pH值表现为先升后降的阶段性变化,至烤烟移栽30 d以后逐渐趋于稳定,而且以施用微生物菌肥的处理上升最为显著;植烟土壤有机质、速效磷含量呈递增趋势;植烟土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量表现为先升高后降低再升高之后趋于平稳。施用微生物菌肥的处理,pH值在移栽后15 d高于对照,且差异达显著水平,其他时间段各处理间差异不显著;对土壤有机质无明显影响;碱解氮在移栽后30、45 d高于对照,且差异达显著水平,其中,在移栽30 d后施用微生物菌肥的处理碱解氮含量比对照增加了42.7%~53.1%;整个生育期速效磷含量与对照间差异达显著水平,其中,在移栽后45 d施用液体微生物菌肥达到最大值(22.81 mg/kg);速效钾含量在整个生育期与对照间差异达显著水平,但后期生长缓慢,其中,在移栽后15 d施用液体微生物菌肥达到最大值(258.75 mg/kg)。不同处理以液体微生物菌肥对强酸性土壤的改良效果最好,固体微生物菌肥次之。施用福建三炬液体微生物菌肥能有效改善土壤养分、调节土壤养分变化规律、有利于烤烟生长发育的养分供给,从而实现强酸性土壤的可持续发展。To screen the suitable microbial fertilizer application in the improvement of long-term continuous cropping,the problems of the excessive use of planting tobacco soil in Dali prefecture,Yunnan province,compared with conventional fertilizer,on this basis,by choosing different content of the material(Xiangyun Guansheng organic fertilizer,Midu Guofa organic fertilizer,Fujian Sanju solid bacterial fertilizer,Fujian Sanju liquid bacterial fertilizer)for different fertilizer treatments,the dynamic change of soil pH and the physical and chemical properties were studied.The results showed that after the application of soil modification materials,the pH value of tobacco planting soil showed a gradual change from rise to fall,and gradually became stable 30 d after flue-cured tobacco transplantation,and with increasing most significantly.The content of organic matter and available phosphorus in tobacco soil was increasing.The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and rapidly available potassium in tobacco soil increased first,then decreased,then increased,then became stable.The pH value treated with microbial fertilizer was significantly higher than that of the control 15 d after transplanting,while the difference between treatments in other time periods was not significant.The application of microbial fertilizer had no significant effect on soil organic matter.After 30 d after transplanting,the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen treated with microbial fertilizer increased by 42.7%-53.1%,compared with the control.The content of available phosphorus in the treatment with microbial fertilizer was significantly difference with the control,and the liquid microbial fertilizer treatment reached the maximum value of 22.81 mg/kg at 45 d after transplanting.Available potassium showed a significant level in the whole growth period,but it grew slowly in the later stage,and the liquid microbial fertilizer treatment reached a maximum of 258.75 mg/kg at 15 d after transplanting.Different treatments with liquid microbial fertilizer h

关 键 词：微生物菌肥 土壤PH 理化性质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S153[农业科学—作物学]