纵向超声振动钻削CFRP/钛合金叠层材料的动态冲击效应分析  

Dynamic impact effect analysis for longitudinalultrasonic vibration drilling of CFRP/titanium alloy laminated plate

作　　者：王东 焦锋[1] 张世杰 李远霄 WANG Dong;JIAO Feng;ZHANG Shijie;LI Yuanxiao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第17期47-56,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675164)。

摘　　要：为了研究纵向超声振动钻削CFRP/钛合金叠层板的动态冲击效应,将钻头视为一端固定、一端自由的等直径弹性直杆,把刀具-工件系统简化为以超声振动为激励的基础振动系统,建立动力学模型,并通过钻削试验验证了模型的可靠性和实用性。研究结果表明,超声振动产生的动态冲击力幅值,取决于钻头的几何参数和悬伸长度、超声振动的振幅和频率,以及被加工材料的力学特性,与钻削用量(每转进给量和主轴转速)无关;动态冲击力幅值的大小与超声振动的振幅成线性关系,超声振动频率的影响较为微弱;动态冲击力幅值的大小与钻头直径近似为线性关系,与钻头的悬伸长度成非线性关系;超声振动的振幅增大,或钻头直径和悬伸长度增大,都会使动态冲击力幅值增加;加工中的实际动态冲击力的大小与被加工材料的弹性模量和刚性有关,弹性模量和刚性高时,实际动态冲击力也大。这种研究方法和结论对超声振动钻削冲击效应的定量分析和超声振动钻削技术的推广应用提供了参考。In order to study dynamic impact effect of longitudinal ultrasonic vibration drilling of CFRP/titanium alloy laminated plate,drilling bitwas regarded as an equal diameter elastic straight rodwith one built-in end and another free one,and a tool-workpiece system was simplified as a foundation vibration system excited by ultrasonic vibration to establish the whole system’s dynamicmodel.Drilling tests were used to verify the reliability and practicability of the model.Results showed that the dynamic impact force generated by ultrasonic vibration depends on drilling bit’s geometric parameters andoverhang length,ultrasonic vibration’s frequency and amplitude and mechanicalcharacteristics of processedmaterial,and it is irrelevant to drilling amounts of feed rate per revolution and spindle speed;dynamic impact force amplitude is linearly related to ultrasonic vibration’s amplitude,effects of ultrasonic vibration frequency areweaker;dynamic impact force amplitude has an approximate linear relation with drill bit’s diameter and a non-linear relation with overhang length;dynamic impact force amplitude increaseswith increase in ultrasonic vibration amplitude or bit’s diameter or bit’s overhang length;the actual dynamic impact force is related to processed material’s elastic modulus and stiffness,the higher the elastic modulus and stiffness,the larger the former;the study method and conclusions provide a reference for quantitative analysis of ultrasonic vibration drilling impact effect and applications of ultrasonic vibration drilling technology.

关 键 词：纵向超声振动 冲击效应 振动钻削 轴向力 CFRP/钛合金叠层板 

分 类 号：TB559[理学—物理] TB332[理学—声学]