春节期间烟花爆竹燃放对海口市空气质量的影响  

Influence of Burning Fireworks on Air Quality During the Spring Festival in Haikou City

作　　者：徐文帅 吴晓晨[1,2] 陈蕊 赵锴[1,2] 谢东海 孟鑫鑫 薛英[1,2] XU Wenshuai;WU Xiaochen;CHEN Rui;ZHAO Kai;XIE Donghai;MENG Xinxin;XUE Ying(Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;Hainan Environmental Monitoring Centre,Haikou 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省环境科学研究院,海南海口571126 [2]海南省环境监测中心站,海南海口571126

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2020年第5期104-111,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：海南省财政专项“海南省大气复合污染综合来源解析项目”(ZC2018-196);海南省财政专项“海南省环境空气质量数值预警预报系统建设(二期)项目”(HNTXGP2016-036)。

摘　　要：基于2018年与2019年春节期间常规空气污染物数据、2019年细颗粒物PM2.5中水溶性离子和OC/EC的化学组分数据,结合气象资料,分析了春节期间烟花爆竹燃放对海口市空气质量的影响。结果表明:春节期间烟花爆竹燃放对海口市初一的空气质量影响较大,主要影响污染物为PM10、PM2.5和SO2,对NO2、CO和O3影响相对较小;实施烟花爆竹严格管控后空气质量明显改善,2019年除夕夜PM10、PM2.5和SO2质量浓度峰值较2018年分别下降67.4%、68.5%和66.7%;烟花爆竹集中燃放主要造成K^+、Cl^-、Mg^2+和SO2-4快速上升,其中K+影响最为显著,K^+短时上升了16.21μg/m^3,增加17.01倍;对于NO^-2、Na^+、F^-、NO-3、Ca^2+、NH^+4等6种离子和OC/EC影响较小。Based on the data of conventional air pollutants during the Spring Festival of 2018 and 2019,water soluble ions and OC/EC chemical composition data of PM2.5 in 2019,combined with meteorological data,the impact of fireworks on the air quality of Haikou City during the Spring Festival was analyzed.The results showed that fireworks had a great impact on the air quality of first day of the lunar year during the Spring Festival.The main affecting pollutants were PM10,PM2.5 and SO2,which had relatively little impact on NO2,CO and O3.After strict control of fireworks and firecrackers,the air quality had improved significantly.The peak mass concentrations of PM10,PM2.5 and SO2 in 2019 New Year􀆳s Eve decreased 67.4%,68.5%and 66.7%respectively compared with 2018.Concentrated discharge of fireworks mainly caused rapid rise of K^+,Cl^-,Mg^2+and SO2-4,of which K^+increased by 16.21μg/m^3 and jumped by 17.01 times in a short time,while NO^-2,Na^+,F^-,NO^-3,Ca^2+,NH+4 and OC/EC had little effect.

关 键 词：海口 烟花爆竹 空气质量 细颗粒物 化学组分 春节 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]