氯化苦的生态毒理效应  

Ecological toxicological effects of chloropicrin

作　　者：曹坳程[1] 方文生[1] 王秋霞[1] 颜冬冬[1] 李园[1] 欧阳灿彬[1] 郭美霞[1] CAO Aocheng;FANG Wensheng;WANG Qiuxia;YAN Dongdong;LI Yuan;OUYANG Chanbin;GUO Meixia(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《世界农药》2020年第10期32-35,45,共5页World Pesticide

基　　金：基金资助项目类别(31972313)。

摘　　要：氯化苦是一种古老的熏蒸剂,在发达国家有超过70年的使用历史。在我国使用历史仅20余年,主要在山东、河北、北京、云南、四川、重庆、山西等地用于草莓、生姜、番茄、茄子、辣椒、三七、人参、山药等作物上防控土传有害生物,解除连作障碍,保障作物健康生长。许多省份并未使用过氯化苦,不少人认为氯化苦作为一种高毒农药,使用后会造成人畜中毒、农药残留、地下水污染等问题。现将氯化苦的生态毒理效应作一介绍。As an old soil fumigant,chloropicrin has been used for soil fumigation more than 70 years in developed countries.However,it has only been used for 20 years in China.Chloropicrin is mainly used on strawberry,ginger,tomato,eggplant,pepper,pseudo-ginseng,ginseng,yam and other crops to prevent and control soil-borne pests,as well as solve successive cropping obstacle and ensure the healthy growth of crops in many provinces including Shandong,Hebei,Beijing,Yunnan,Sichuan,Chongqing,Shanxi.Some people believe that chloropicrin will lead to livestock poisoning,pesticide residues as well as groundwater pollution as a high toxic chemical.Therefore,we elucidate the ecological toxicological effects of chloropicrin in this paper.

关 键 词：氯化苦 毒性 农药残留 风险评估 

分 类 号：TQ450[化学工程—农药化工]