三星堆遗址青关山一号建筑基址初探  

A Preliminary Study of the No.l Building Foundation at Qingguanshan of Sanxingdui Site

作　　者：杜金鹏[1] Du Jinpeng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所

出　　处：《四川文物》2020年第5期108-118,共11页Sichuan Cultural Relics

摘　　要：三星堆遗址青关山一号建筑基址是一座具有上下两层建筑的楼阁式建筑物,属于商代最高规格的宫殿建筑,可能是当地最高统治者处理政务和举行重大典礼的礼仪建筑。它体量宏达,结构复杂,具有鲜明地方特色,彰显了很高的建筑水平,体现了使用者的尊贵身份。三星堆大型宫殿建筑的发现,是三星堆城址考古史上里程碑式重大考古成果。它极大地丰富了三星堆商代城邑文化内涵,对于正确认识该城址的性质和价值,研究我国早期文明发展模式与进程,提供了珍贵资料。In the Sanxingdui Site,remains of Qingguanshan house foundation 05GSFgFl consist of rammed earth foundation of platform,the ground grooves of walls,the pillar pits and the postholes.This building was built on thick foundation of rammed clay.There are remaining ground grooves of eave wall on both north and south sides,which are filled with burnt-soil blocks and cobbles.Also,according to the ground grooves on the east and west sides,which are filled with burnt-soil blocks and stone pieces,there were gable walls.The interior gaps of the gable walls are reckoned to be the gateway.Both the eave walls and the gable walls are wattle-and-daub,mainly made of mud with wood frames inside.On the inner side of the eave walls,there is a row of postholes filled with burnt-soil blocks and cobbles.These postholes are presumed to place the load-bearing pillars to prop up the beam structure.Inside the building,there are four U-shaped ground grooves of rammed earth walls filled with burnt-soil blocks.These four walls are surmised for load-bearing walls of a staircase,so this building should be a double-floored structure.In the center of the eastern half of the foundation,there are 2 round postholes for the pillars,presumed to place the load-bearing pillars to prop up the vast seat screen on the upper floor.An E-W-trending strip of step cushion runs through the east and the west gates,which should be the road for daily use.According to the analysis of these features related to the architecture,this building was an above-ground rectangular architecture in large size along a SE-NW lengthwise axis.Meanwhile,it was very likely to be a double-floored pavilion-style building.It is huge in size and complex in structure,showing high-level architectural techniques.It is presumed to be a ritual architecture for the local supreme ruler handling government affairs and holding major ceremonies.The discovery of this large-sized ritual architecture largely enriches the materials of the cultural history of the urban society at Sanxingdui Site during

关 键 词：三星堆遗址 大型宫殿建筑基址 楼阁建筑 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]