宁夏新冠肺炎流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),Ningxia

作　　者：龚瑞[1] 李涛[1] 孙伟[1] 高洁[1] 马莹[1] 马岳[1] 董军强 黎晞 GONG Rui;LI Tao;SUN Wei;GAO Jie;MA Ying;MA Yue;DONG Jun-qiang;LI Xi(Ningxia Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第20期3688-3691,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2020年自治区科技支撑计划(2020BEG01001)。

摘　　要：目的分析宁夏新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情流行特征,为疫情防控和策略制定提供依据。方法收集现场调查处置资料,采用描述流行病学的方法,分析2020年1月22日-3月31日宁夏新冠肺炎确诊病例的三间分布特征。结果宁夏新冠肺炎报告发病率为1.10/10万,无死亡病例。有2个发病高峰,单日最高报告病例数8例。疫情覆盖宁夏65.21%的县(市、区),主要集中在银川市和吴忠市;发病年龄以20~39岁最多,占46.05%,年龄中位数38岁,男女性别比为1.21∶1。职业分布以农民、商业服务、家务及待业为主,占73.68%。临床分型以普通型为主,占58.67%。潜伏期中位数为6.5 d。疫情早期感染来源以输入为主。聚集性疫情涉及病例占确诊病例总数的68.00%,其中存在家庭聚集的病例占86.27%,通过共同生活或聚餐而具有同屋和同餐传播的病例占86.27%。结论宁夏疫情以输入引起的本土感染和家庭聚集性病例为主,本地疫情已经基本阻断。需继续坚持外防输入、内防反弹的防控策略,持续关注境外陆路口岸入境输入风险,强化无症状感染者的排查管理工作。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the COVID-19 in Ningxia and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods Field investigation and disposal data were collected, and the method of descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of three confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia in Ningxia from January 22 to March 31, 2020. Results The reported incidence of Ningxia COVID-19 was 1.10/100,000, and there were no deaths. There were 2 peak incidences, and the highest number of reported cases per day was 8 cases. The epidemic covered 65.21% of counties in Ningxia, mainly concentrated in Yinchuan and Wuzhong;the age of onset was 20-39 years old, accounting for 46.05%, the median age was 38 years old, and the gender ratio was 1.21: 1. Occupation distribution was dominated by farmers, business services, housework and unemployed, accounting for 73.68%. The clinical classification was mainly the common type, accounting for 58.67%. The median incubation period was 6.5 days. The source of early infection in the epidemic was mainly imported. The clustered epidemic-related cases accounted for 68.00% of the total number of diagnosed cases, of which 86.27% were cases of family aggregation, and 86.27% were transmitted through the same house or meal through common living or dinner. Conclusion The Ningxia epidemic is dominated by imported local infections and family-aggregated cases. The local epidemic has been basically blocked. It is necessary to continue to adhere to the prevention and control strategy of external prevention and internal prevention of rebound, continue to pay attention to the risk of inbound imports at overseas land ports, and strengthen the investigation and management of asymptomatic infected persons.

关 键 词：宁夏 新冠肺炎 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]