民间戏曲演出版本中的“马音”与“香谈”--以成化本《白兔记》为例  

“Ma Yin”and“Xiang Tan”in Folk Opera Performance:a Case Study on The White Rabbit of the Chenghua Period

作　　者：杨宝春[1] Yang Baochun(School of Liberal Arts,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学文学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2020年第5期119-131,共13页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金规划项目“戏曲版本的特殊性研究”(16BT0041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“马音”“香谈”出自成化本《白兔记》,本为“抹音”“乡谈”,特指传统戏曲演出本中存在的由演员表演时因抹音、滑音、方言、俗语、古语或抄录刊刻者文字应用能力低、抄刻随意等而造成的文字差讹、脱漏现象。这种现象在《元刊杂剧三十种》中几乎随处可见。通过对成化本《白兔记》中该现象的校勘学、版本学、语言学、民俗学考察,可以发现:这一现象涉及戏曲编演过程,为演出之所需;它保留了方言、古语、戏俗等的印迹,留存了当时舞台的生鲜度与趣味性,呈现了古代戏曲演出的自然形态。对于今存古代民间戏曲剧本中的“马音”“香谈”现象,不能仅仅视为一种文字应用、刻写中的错漏现象,还要关注其在戏剧学方面的积极意义;既要有校勘学的专注,更要有戏剧学的思考。Derived from The White Rabbit of the Chenghua period,"Ma Yin" and "Xiang Tan" refer to verbal errors and omissions in traditional Chinese opera librettos caused by erasure,glide,dialect,colloquialism,archaism or transcript,publishers’ incompetence in language use,and the randomness in transcription and publication.Such phenomena are almost everywhere in Thirty Miscellaneous Dramas in the Yuan Dynasty.Regarding this phenomenon in The White Rabbit,collation based on philology,philology,archaeology,linguistics and folklore reveals that they are related to the creation and performance of operaswhich are necessary for performance in that they help to retain dialect,archaism,and traditional opera habits as well as the vividness and interest of the stage.Therefore,the phenomena of "Ma Yin" and "Xiang Tan" should not be regarded as a result of errors and omissions in the application of words and writing,and we should pay attention to their significance in drama.We should focus on both proofreading and drama thinking.

关 键 词：“马音” “香谈” 成化本《白兔记》 校勘学 戏剧学 

分 类 号：I207.37[文学—中国文学]