2019年山西省部分重点行业职业病危害因素监测结果分析  

Occupational hazards in key industries:analysis of the 2019 surveillance data in Shanxi

作　　者：曹红兵[1] 王松 马效东[1] 李秀萍[1] Cao Hongbing;Wang Song;Ma Xiaodong;Li Xiuping(Occupational Health and Poisoning Control Division,Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心,太原030012

出　　处：《中国药物与临床》2020年第20期3373-3376,共4页Chinese Remedies & Clinics

摘　　要：目的了解山西省部分重点行业作业岗位/工种职业病危害因素的现状及危害程度,提出有效预防措施,为减少职业病发生,保护劳动者身体健康提供依据。方法对山西部分重点行业用人单位进行现场职业卫生调查,按照国家现行标准和规范开展职业病危害因素监测,并对监测资料进行统计和分析。结果山西省各县(市、区)监测覆盖率为96.6%,作业岗位/工种职业病危害因素监测合格率从低到高依次为生产性粉尘:矽尘(总尘)76.04%、煤尘(总尘)76.16%、煤尘(呼尘)79.31%、矽尘(呼尘)82.29%;生产性噪声:86.41%;化学毒物:苯99.08%、一氧化碳99.65%,主要分布于煤炭开采和洗选业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业、石材加工行业、石油煤炭及其他燃料加工业、石棉矿及其他非金属矿采选业和汽车制造业等。结论山西省部分重点行业职业病危害因素控制效果较好,提示用人单位应继续增强职业病危害防控意识,特别是加强对煤尘、矽尘和噪声等作业危害的防控。Objective To understand the status and severity of occupational hazards with work posts or job types in certain key industries in Shanxi,to propose effective preventive measures,and to provide evidence for reducing occupational diseases and protecting health of workers.Methods An on-site occupational health survey was conducted among employers in certain key industries in Shanxi.The occupational hazards were investigated in accordance with current national criteria and norms.The surveillance data were statistically analyzed.Results The survey covered 96.6%of counties(cities/districts)in Shanxi province.The rates of accordance to criteria for occupational hazards control at work post or job types was,from low to high,productive dusts[total silica dusts,76.04%;total coal dusts,76.16%;inhalable coal dusts,79.31%;inhalable silica dusts,82.29%],industrial noises(86.41%),and chemical poisons[benzene(99.08%),carbon monoxide(99.65%)],mostly found in industries of coal mining and washing,ferrous metal smelting and calendering,stone processing,petroleum/coal and other fuel processing,asbestos/other non-metallic mining and dressing,and automobile manufacturing.Conclusion Occupational hazards are well under control in certain key industries in Shanxi province.Employers should continue to enhance their awareness of the prevention and control of occupational hazards,in particular,of coal dusts,silica dusts and noises.

关 键 词：重点行业 职业病 危险因素 监测分析 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]