有机负荷和进料频率对高含固厨余垃圾厌氧消化系统性能的影响  

Effects of organic loading rate and feeding frequency on high solid food waste anaerobic digestion system

作　　者：周慧敏 姜珺秋 王琨 赵庆良[1,2] 汤云榕 魏亮亮[1,2] ZHOU Huimin;JIANG Junqiu;WANG Kun;ZHAO Qingliang;TANG Yunrong;WEI Liangliang(Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090;State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin 150090)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,环境学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第10期3639-3650,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1900902);黑龙江省自然科学基金(No.E2017047)。

摘　　要：以系统降解效能和产甲烷量最大化为目标,分别考察不同有机负荷(8.93、10.71、13.39 kg·m^-3·d^-1)及进料频率(1、2、3次·d^-1)下厨余垃圾中温厌氧消化系统运行过程中甲烷产量、SCOD、氨氮、pH和挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)的变化,旨在明确系统负荷边界及进料频率对系统稳定性的影响.结果表明,系统的有机负荷存在最优值,系统累计产甲烷量随负荷的增加而升高,随后降低,有机负荷为10.71 kg·m^-3·d^-1时获得最大累计产甲烷量37.17 L,VS降解率72.58%.负荷增加系统稳定性下降甚至失稳,各物质出现积累,不利于反应的进行.增加进料频率可优化系统运行参数,显著提高系统产气和产甲烷量,进料频率较高时,运行周期内系统的甲烷产量及产率最高,分别达到45.03 L和0.738 L·g^-1,呈线性增长,增加进料频率可提高系统对氨氮的耐受能力,显著提高系统稳定性,明显改善VFA和丙酸积累问题.In order to maximize the processing capacity of the system,we explored the influence of different organic load rate(8.93、10.71、13.39 kg·m^-3·d^-1)and feeding frequencies(1、2、3 time(s)·d^-1)on the anaerobic food waste digestion system.The changes in methane production,SCOD,ammonia nitrogen,pH,and volatile fatty acids(VFAs)during the operation of the mesophilic anaerobic digestion system were examined.The results showed that the organic loading rate(OLR)of the system had an optimal value.The cumulative methane production of the system increased with the increase of OLR,and then decreased.The maximum OLR of anaerobic digestion system was 10.71 kg·m^-3·d^-1 and the anaerobic system exceeding this load failed.The total methane production under this load was 37.17 L and the VS degradation rate reached 72.58%.We observed a higher stability and stronger substrate processing capacity under this load.Increasing of feeding frequency can optimize the operating parameters of the system,and significantly increase gas and methane production of the system.The best performance occurred under the frequency of 3 time(s)·d^-1.Under this condition,the accumulative methane production during digestion was 45.03 L of which the highest methane production rate was 0.738 L·g^-1 and the average value was 0.480 L·g^-1 during the digestive process which was 20.30%higher than 1 time·d^-1.Addition of feeding frequency promote biogas production,enhance system stability,improve system′s tolerance to ammonia nitrogen,alleviate the problem of system acid accumulation.Our study thus not only provide the best feeding load but also give a feasible suggest to enhance the process stability.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 干式厌氧消化 有机负荷 进料频率 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]