德富苏峰对美国认识的形成与变化轨迹探析  

Study on the Formation and Change Trajectory of Tokutomi Sohou’s Cognition of U.S

作　　者：邹圣婴 张晓刚 ZOU Sheng-ying;ZHANG Xiao-gang(Graduate School Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;School of History and Culture Changchun Normal University,Changchun 130032 China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学研究生院,北京102488 [2]长春师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130032

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期57-63,共7页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项“日本近代转型时期的‘外交革新’研究(1853-1902)”(19VJX051)。

摘　　要：德富苏峰是日本近代报业媒体的代表人物,其对美国的认识和描述在当时颇具代表性。除了他本人对美国的好恶之外,鉴于其御用文人的身份,他对美国的政治立场伴随着日本国策的调整而进行调适,其对美国认识的转变与近代日美关系的演变几乎是同步进行的。德富苏峰的美国认识具有一定的客观性,但是他只看到了美国对日本的武力威胁与打压而无视日本对东亚邻国的扩张和侵略,这反映了其作为国家主义者的历史局限性;尤其是太平洋战争期间德富苏峰发表的对美敌对言论体现了其美国认识的一个高度,战后他被公认为是日本具有代表性的反美主义者,这种评价也是也是恰如其分的。Tokutomi Sohou is a representative figure in modern Japan’s press industry,whose cognition and description of U.S was very representative at that time.Except his likes and dislikes towards U.S,as a professional man of letters working for the government,Tokutomi Sohou’s political stance toward U.S was modified according to the changes of Japan’s policies,and the changes of his cognition of U.S synchronized with the changes of Japan-US relationship.In short,the changes of image of U.S in Tokutomi Sohou’s eyes are chronically as follows:1.a rude imperialist power forcing Japan to open up;2.a devlopment model for Japan to learn from after its breaking away from Asia;3.a cooperative partner of Japan as one of the imperialist powers;4.an obstable standing in the way of Japan’s expansion.Especially during the Pacific War,his hostile remarks towards U.S reflected a new height of his cognition of US,and he was generally achknowledged as the most representative anti-U.S activist in Japan after WWII,which was fairly objective and reasonable.

关 键 词：德富苏峰 美国认识 日美关系 文人思想 变化轨迹 

分 类 号：K313.4[历史地理—历史学]