欧洲华人的参政现状与参政模式初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Present Situation and Mode of Political Participation by Chinese Living in Europe

作　　者：国懿 刘悦 Yi Guo;Yue Liu

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学外国语学院,西安710129 [2]厦门大学外文学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《世界民族》2020年第5期112-124,共13页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：2015—2017年度中华全国归国华侨联合会课题“欧洲华人政治参与状况及其发展趋势研究”(15BZQK204);2014年度国家社科基金青年课题“欧洲华裔新生代文化认同研究”(14CMZ042)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：改革开放后,在华人新移民主要移入的欧洲国家中,华人社会近年来掀起了值得关注的参政浪潮。欧洲华人群体的最初政治参与动机往往与自身权益受损密切相关,方式也多见于外部刺激推动下的“维权型”政治参与。本研究以主要欧洲国家的华人参政案例为出发点,基于观察性调查以及深度访谈研究,通过分析英国、法国和德国等欧洲主要国家政治参选华人移民者的社会政治背景、竞选纲领和政治诉求,探讨欧洲华人参政模式的区域性差异特点。研究认为,现阶段欧洲华人参政模式主要可分为淡化华裔身份、强化华裔身份和外国人身份参政三种路径。现阶段欧洲华人参政方式仍以个人参选的选举型为主,同时出现从“维权型”向“政策推动型”政治诉求转变的趋势。欧洲华人参政领域正显现的“欧洲路径”亟须得到重视,并基于不同的区域框架条件进行差别化研究。After the reform and opening up in China,in the European countries where the new Chinese immigrants mainly concentrate,the Chinese community has set off a wave of political participation worthy of attention in recent years.The initial motivation of political participation by the Chinese community in Europe is often closely related to the infringement of their rights and interests,and their way of political participation is often seen as“rights protection”driven by external stimulus.This study,starting from cases of political participation by Chinese living in major European countries,has discussed regional differences in the mode of political participation by Chinese living in Europe through observational surveys,and in-depth interviews and research,as well as analysis of the socio-political background,platforms and political appeals of the Chinese participants living in such major European countries as Britain,France and Germany.According to the research,the current mode of political participation by Chinese living in Europe can be broken down to three ways:weakening Chinese identity,strengthening Chinese identity,and emphasizing foreign identity.At present,the way for Chinese living in Europe to participate in political affairs is still dominated by individual’s running for election,and there is a tendency of moving from“rights protection”to“policy promotion”in political demands.It is urgent to pay attention to the emerging“European path”in the field of Chinese participation in politics in Europe,and conduct differentiation research based on different regional framework and conditions.

关 键 词：欧洲 华人移民 参政 政治参与 

分 类 号：D66[政治法律—政治学]